什么是定语从句 宾语从句?两者有什么区别?

不要说的太麻烦,要通俗易懂的,本人脑袋不是太灵光的。

简单的来说,定语从句是用来修饰人或事或物的
比如说 i like the gift which my mother gave me , 这里the gift 是先行词,后面就是定语从句,用来修饰the gift
而宾语从句就是在句子做宾语
比如说 She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. that 后面的就是宾语从句,它是指说话的内容,在句子中做宾语成分
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第1个回答  2011-11-21
从句的类型是由从句的位置或者说从句起的作用决定的。从句放在宾语的位置、起宾语的作用就是宾语从句;放在名词/代词之后、起定语的作用就是定语从句(修饰名词/代词的词叫定语,修饰名词/代词的从句就叫定语从句)。
eg: I don't know why he was late. 我不知道他为什么迟到了。(why he was late放在了know之后,占了动词know的宾语的位置,所以叫宾语从句。)
I don't know he reason why he was late. 我不知道他(为什么)迟到的原因。(why he was late放在了the reason之后,是用来修饰the reason的,也就是the reason的定语,所以叫定语从句。)
同样是这个从句,只因为位置不同、作用不同,类型也就不同了。如果是Why he was late is still unknown. 那why he was late就叫主语从句了(因为它放在了is之前,占了is的主语的位置)。了了吧?
* Include all the details about what the bullies do,as well as when and where the bullying happens. 这个句子中what...放在了about之后,about是介词,后面要加宾语,what从句占了介词about的宾语的位置,那就是宾语从句。
宾语从句(一) 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语。宾语从句常由that引导,在口语中常省略。 当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的 影响,按需要可以使用任何时态。如: She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时) She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时) She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时) 当主句谓语是过去时态,从句中的时态一般用表示过去的某种时态。如: He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时) He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时) He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时) *当主句谓语是过去时态,而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理(事实)时, 宾语从句的时态则用一般现在时。如: The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人。 She said (that) her father is twenty-eight years older than her. 她说她父亲比她大二十八岁。 He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光传播比声音传播快得多。 宾语从句(二) 由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。 引出名词性从句的连词whether和if,在引出宾语从句时,用法和意义相同。但是只能引出宾语从句和不在句首的主语从句,而whether除了引出宾语从句外,还可引出主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。例如: We don\'t know whether (if) it is right. 我们不知道它是否正确。 The question is whether she should do that. 问题在于她是否应该做那件事。 Whether it is true remains a question. 是真是假还是个问题。 试比较: 当if从句处在主句之后作“是否”讲时,引出的是宾语从句。例如: I don\'t know if it is true. 我不知道这事是否真实。 当if从句在主句之前作“如果”讲,则引出状语从句。例如: I shall go there if I have time. 如果我有时间,我将到那儿去。 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有:when, where, why等。 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1)who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下: Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如: They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3)which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,例如: A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作主语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语) 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。 1)when, where, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构,因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用,例如: There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗? 2)that代替关系副词 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介词+ which\"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如: His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
第2个回答  2011-11-21
定语从句用于作定语,修饰名词,代词,或者句子等。
宾语从句位于介词,动词之后用作宾语的,
简单点也就是说,两者的成分不一样,位置不一样。追问

宾语从句能举个例不

追答

可以,I tell you that the man on the floor is a gay.

其中the man on the floor is a gay 就是一个宾语从句啊

第3个回答  2012-02-23
定语从句用于作定语,修饰名词,代词,或者句子等。
宾语从句位于介词,动词之后用作宾语的,
简单点也就是说,两者的成分不一样,位置不一样。
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