麻烦能再帮我翻译一些吗?灰常灰常感谢~~~

Consider four hypothetical project owners. The first may have clearly defined project goals and objectives and may prefer to closely guide team members through each step. The second, also with well-defined goals and objectives, may instead choose to delegate many management responsibilities to other team members. The third owner, unfamiliar with contracting processes, may be well served by managing the project closely so that he or she may understand and approve each step of planning and construction. The fourth owner , like the third , may be unfamiliar with engineering and construction processes but , like the second , may prefer to delegate responsibilities to parties more experienced in construction.

Private capital and developer participation offer private owners several variations on design-building project delivery. A typical arrangement is sometimes called lease-develop-operate, under which the owner gives a private operator a long-term lease to use, operate, and expand an existing facility. This operator finds external funding for the owner to borrow to pay for the improvements , and the owner dedicates part of the lease payments to amortizing its resulting debt. The operator engages a conceptual design consultant to prepare conceptual and preliminary designs for the improvements that meet the project objectives and then hires a design-builder to complete the project.
Other variations may be called a “public-private partnership” or a “wrap-around”. In such an arrangement , ownership of or fiduciary responsibility for a project is assigned to a private party . That party then designs, builds, and may even own, operate, and maintain the new facility , eventually transferring it back to the owner.

假设有四家工程业主。第一家可能给出明确的工程目标与任务,而且偏向于亲自在每一阶段指导团队成员进行工作。第二家,也给出明确的工程目标与任务,但与之前一家不同,他愿意将更多的管理责任委托给团队成员们。第三家,本身对工程承包业务不熟悉,也许只要他/她自己能密切跟踪工程进展,能让他/她明白每一步的计划与每一步的进度,并且有批准这些内容的权力就行。第四家,与第三家相似,也不熟悉工程承包的过程,但是与第二家也一样,喜欢把工作委托给更有工程经验的人来做。
私人资本及开发商的参与,让私人业主在“设计-建设工程”中有个几种不同的选择。较为典型的是一种被称为是“租赁-开发-运营”的办式。在这种方式下,业主向私人工程承包方通过长期租赁的方式让其对已有的建筑行使使用权、运营权和改造权。承包方从外界寻找资金来源供业主贷款并支付改造的费用,业主又用部分收取的租金来分期偿还以上贷款。承包方会请一家概念性设计公司,按照工程目标提供改造工程的概念性与初步规划设计方案,然后再雇佣一家设计-建筑商来完成整个工程。
其他还有被称为“公共-私人合伙”或“全包”的方式。在这种情况下,一个工程的所有权或委托责任被授予一家私人公司,这家公司会设计、建设甚至是拥有、运营、维护标的建筑物,最终将它再转交给业主。来自:求助得到的回答
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第1个回答  2012-06-17
考虑四个假设项目所有者。甲方可能已经明确定义的项目目标和目标,可能更愿意密切指导团队成员进行每一个步骤。乙方,也有明确的目标和目标,可能会转而选择代表许多管理职责,其他的团队成员。丙方,不熟悉承包过程,可以很好地服务于管理项目密切,他或她可能理解和批准每一步的规划和建设。丁方,像丙方,可能不熟悉工程和建筑工作流程,但是喜欢乙方,可能更喜欢委派责任政党更有经验的施工。

私人资本和开发人员参与提供私人所有者的几种变体总承包项目交付。一个典型的安排有时被称为LDO,主人给私人经营者长期租赁使用、操作和扩大现有的设施。这个操作符发现外部资金为老板借钱用于改进以及所有者投入的一部分,租赁费用均摊由此造成的债务。经营者从事一种概念设计顾问准备概念和初步设计的改进,满足项目的目标,然后雇用了一个总承包商来完成这个项目。
其他的变化可以被称为一个“公私伙伴关系”或“全方位”。在这样的安排下,其所有权或受托责任为一个项目被分配给一个私人组织。给那个组织,然后设计,构建,和甚至可能自己、操作和维护新设施,最终将它回到主办方。

希望可以帮到你,O(∩_∩)O谢谢!
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