7B Unit 3短语、句子、语法学习笔记
〖备注〗理解记忆句型，尤其注意关键词
三、重点、难点、考点解析
1. They read a story about robbers in a city in the USA.
一、 他们看了一个关于美国一座城市里的盗贼的故事。词组或短语
序号 Chinese English
1. 全世界 all over the world
2. 在十字路口 at a crossroads
3. 立刻；马上 at once = right away
4. 在…..的另一边 at the other side of…..
5. 在某地的北面 be north of sw.
6. 打电话向某人求救 call sb. for help
7. 向山上爬 climb up the hill
8. (步行)穿过 cross = go/walk across
9. 开车离开/ 跑走 drive/run away
10. 开车去……/ 跑去….. drive/run to ……
11. 接/收 到一个电话 get a call = receive a call
12. 进入小汽车 / 从小汽车里出 get into/ out of the car
13. 乘公共汽车去……. go (to)……by bus = take a bus (to)….
14. 去露营 go camping
15. 出郊游 go on an outing
16. 穿过隧道 go through the tunnel
17. 学生中的一半 half of the students
18. 举行野餐/烧烤 have a picnic / barbecue
19. 最后
in the end =at last=finally
20. 跳进小汽车 / 从小汽车里跳 jump into/ out of the car
21. 住在附近 live nearby
22. 成百万的 millions of……
23. 在网站上 on the websites
24. 将某人推进一个货车的后部 push sb. into the back of a van
25. 看地图 read a map
26. 跑进楼房 / 从楼房里跑出来 run into/ out of the building
27. 升篝火 start a campfire
28. 在红绿灯处停下来 stop at the traffic lights
29. 游泳穿过池子 swim across the pool
30. 走别一条线路 take another route
31. 走不同的线路 take different routes
32. 三个穿着警服的男人 three men in police uniform
33. 向左拐进………路 turn left into …. Road
34. 走过；步行经过 walk past
35. 朝……走 walk towards…
36. 沿着/顺着……..走 walk/go along/ up/down……
37. 一直向前走 walk/go straight on
二、重点句型
1．ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人（不）做某事
ask/tell sb. about sth. 询问/告诉某人有关某事
2．be afraid （+that宾从）
be afraid of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某物
be afraid to do sth./ be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事
3．be happy/glad/pleased to do sth. 开心做某事情
4．be sure (+that从句)
be sure of sth. 对某事有把握
be sure to do sth. 务必做到某事
5．be surprised at sth. 因为某事而吃惊
be surprised to do sth 做某事很吃惊
6．invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去某地
invite sb. to sw. 邀请某人去某地
7．stop doing sth 停止目前手中做的事情
stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事情
8．try (not) to do sth 努力/尝试（不）做某事
9．use sth1 to do sth2.= do sth2 with sth1 使用某物去做某事
【短语】tell a story 讲故事 a story about … 一个关于……的故事
【词形】robber n. 强盗 rob v. 抢 thief n. 小偷 steal v. 偷
【搭配】rob sb. of sth. 抢了某人某物 steal sth. from sb. 偷了某人某物
【例句】The robbers robbed me of my wallet. 那些强盗抢了我的钱包。
【例句】The thieves stole the money from Susan. 那些小偷偷了Susan的钱。
2. One day they got a call. 一天他们接到了一个电话。
【短语】one day 一天(常用过去式，不可说a day，可以用the other day
【短语】get a call 接到一个电话 answer the phone 接电话
3. help语法搭配
【搭配】help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 get help from sb. 从某人那儿获得帮助
【搭配】help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人干某事 ask (sb.) for help (向某人)求助
【搭配】with the help of sb. / with one’s help 在某人的帮助下
【搭配】help oneself to sth. 随便吃点什么
4、be afraid to do sth 和 be afraid of doing sth 考点区别
【解析】be afraid to do 指的是按照经验或常识不敢去做某事，或没有勇气去做某事。
如：I’m afraid to jump into the river. 我不敢跳进河中。
【解析】be afraid of doing 主要用来谈论一件自己(指句子主语)不希望也不能决定而可能突然发生在自己头上的事，这种事往往带有一种疑惧性，即可能发生也可能不发生，只是自己有这样一种得心(即担心发生)。此时不能用 be afraid to do 搭配。
【例句】She was afraid of waking her husband. 她怕吵醒她丈夫。
请再体会下列句子：
【例句】I’m afraid to speak English before so many people because I’m afraid of making mistakes.
我不敢在那么多人面前说英语，因为我怕出错。
【例句】They are afraid to swim because they are afraid of drowning.
他们不敢游泳，因为他们担心会被淹死。
四、学习易误点点拨
1.I want to know what doing next.(错误)
I wan to know what to do next.(正确)
【点拨】这是一个宾语从句中的搭配： 疑问代词/副词+不定式。又如：
【例句】Can you tell me when to leave tomorrow? 你能告诉我什么时候离开吗？
2. I opened the door use my knife. (错误)
I opened the door with my knife. (正确)
【点拨】这里的用小刀为状语，所以要用介词搭配 with my knife
use my knife 是一个动词的词组，可以与with介词搭配进行同意句的改写。
【例句】I used the knife to open the door.===I opened the door with my knife.
3. He swims cross the river easily. (错误)
He swims across the river easily. (正确)
【点拨】cross 是动词在句中做谓语，而across是介词在句中与动词连用作动词词组。
【例句】He crossed the road carefully.=He went across the road carefully.他小心翼翼地过了马路。
4. We were playing football. Would you like to take part in us? (错误)
We were playing football. Would you like to join us in it? (正确)
【点拨】take part in 是指参加一次活动（会议等）。
【例句】Did he take part in the discussion yesterday?他昨天参加讨论了吗？
join是指加入某个团体/组织，成为永久成员。join the party 入党。
也可以是join sb in sth加入某人做某事的行列。Join sb (in) doing sth
【例句】Can you join us (in) playing football?
5 .There is going to have a meeting tomorrow. (错误)
There is going to be a meeting tomorrow. (正确)
【点拨】there be 搭配表示存在，当这个搭配与将来是连用的时候用there is going to be/there will be ,而不可以误认为是开会(have a meeting)这个词组。
6．Look at those clouds.It will rain. (错误)
Look at those clouds.It is going to rain. (正确)
【点拨】be going to 搭配: 表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。
【扩展】表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。
【例句】I’m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.。
． live in a palace / live next to a restaurant / live in a wooden house
2． Which is your favourite restaurant ? The biggest one.
3． Countries and capitals: The capital of the USA is Washington DC.
The UK----- London; France------ Paris; Japan------ Tokyo;
Russia------ Moscow; Thailand---- Bangkok; China ---- Beijing;
Australia---- Canberra; Italy ----- Rome; Germany----- Berlin
4. Mount Fuji / the Statue of Liberty / the Eiffel Tower / Big Ben
5. homes in different countries / homes around the world
6. sit on the big floor cushions / look out at the beach and the sea
7. live with my family in a wooden house / live in a flat on a busy street
= live in a wooden house with my family
8. climb a ladder to get into my house / play on the balcony
9. It rains a lot. = There is a lot of rain there.
10. My family and I often sit in the kitchen while my mother makes dinner.
11. I share a bedroom with my sister.
12. cook meals in the kitchen / eat meals in a dining-room /
lie on the bunk bed
13. 方位介词：in front of / behind; on the right side / on the left side; in the middle of; above / below; over / under; near / next to / beside; oppside; between / among; in / at /on; inside / outside ; at the top of
14. 数词：1）基数词与序数词； 2）数词读法（大数；电话号码；小数）
15. arrive in / at arrive in Beijing / arrive at our school
16. can’t wait to do sth.
17. have a free day
18. What else are we going? Who else / Where else / something else
19. the Great Wall / the Summer Palace / the Space Museum / the Palace Museum / a green house
20. That sounds great. / This piece of music sounds very beautiful.
21. Daniel got 118 points in the exam and came 1st in his class.
22. be (really) different from
23. phone sb.= call sb. (on the phone) = ring sb. (up) = give sb. a call / a ring
24. May I speak to…? = Can / Could I speak to…?
25. Who’s calling, please? = Who’s that, please ?
26. take a message for sb.
27. Please ask him to call me. (ask sb. to do sth. )
28. What kind of home do you live in?
29. at least
30. There are no other rooms on the second floor.
31. There is also amming-pool which is 50 metres long.
32. This means (that) a lot of people can have a shower or a bath at the same time.
33. Mary lives six floors below Wendy. She lives on the fifth floor.
34. Simon wants to tell Neil where his neighbours live.
35. Keep quiet. Please!
36. The people here are very friendly to us.
37. grow some flowers / grow up
38. lie on the ground / lie in bed
39. above the air conditioner / in front of the bookshelf / opposite the window
40. keep the room clean and tidy
〖备注〗理解记忆句型，尤其注意关键词
三、重点、难点、考点解析
1. They read a story about robbers in a city in the USA.
一、 他们看了一个关于美国一座城市里的盗贼的故事。词组或短语
序号 Chinese English
1. 全世界 all over the world
2. 在十字路口 at a crossroads
3. 立刻；马上 at once = right away
4. 在…..的另一边 at the other side of…..
5. 在某地的北面 be north of sw.
6. 打电话向某人求救 call sb. for help
7. 向山上爬 climb up the hill
8. (步行)穿过 cross = go/walk across
9. 开车离开/ 跑走 drive/run away
10. 开车去……/ 跑去….. drive/run to ……
11. 接/收 到一个电话 get a call = receive a call
12. 进入小汽车 / 从小汽车里出 get into/ out of the car
13. 乘公共汽车去……. go (to)……by bus = take a bus (to)….
14. 去露营 go camping
15. 出郊游 go on an outing
16. 穿过隧道 go through the tunnel
17. 学生中的一半 half of the students
18. 举行野餐/烧烤 have a picnic / barbecue
19. 最后
in the end =at last=finally
20. 跳进小汽车 / 从小汽车里跳 jump into/ out of the car
21. 住在附近 live nearby
22. 成百万的 millions of……
23. 在网站上 on the websites
24. 将某人推进一个货车的后部 push sb. into the back of a van
25. 看地图 read a map
26. 跑进楼房 / 从楼房里跑出来 run into/ out of the building
27. 升篝火 start a campfire
28. 在红绿灯处停下来 stop at the traffic lights
29. 游泳穿过池子 swim across the pool
30. 走别一条线路 take another route
31. 走不同的线路 take different routes
32. 三个穿着警服的男人 three men in police uniform
33. 向左拐进………路 turn left into …. Road
34. 走过；步行经过 walk past
35. 朝……走 walk towards…
36. 沿着/顺着……..走 walk/go along/ up/down……
37. 一直向前走 walk/go straight on
二、重点句型
1．ask/tell sb. (not) to do sth. 叫某人（不）做某事
ask/tell sb. about sth. 询问/告诉某人有关某事
2．be afraid （+that宾从）
be afraid of sb./sth. 害怕某人/某物
be afraid to do sth./ be afraid of doing sth. 害怕做某事
3．be happy/glad/pleased to do sth. 开心做某事情
4．be sure (+that从句)
be sure of sth. 对某事有把握
be sure to do sth. 务必做到某事
5．be surprised at sth. 因为某事而吃惊
be surprised to do sth 做某事很吃惊
6．invite sb to do sth 邀请某人去某地
invite sb. to sw. 邀请某人去某地
7．stop doing sth 停止目前手中做的事情
stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事情
8．try (not) to do sth 努力/尝试（不）做某事
9．use sth1 to do sth2.= do sth2 with sth1 使用某物去做某事
【短语】tell a story 讲故事 a story about … 一个关于……的故事
【词形】robber n. 强盗 rob v. 抢 thief n. 小偷 steal v. 偷
【搭配】rob sb. of sth. 抢了某人某物 steal sth. from sb. 偷了某人某物
【例句】The robbers robbed me of my wallet. 那些强盗抢了我的钱包。
【例句】The thieves stole the money from Susan. 那些小偷偷了Susan的钱。
2. One day they got a call. 一天他们接到了一个电话。
【短语】one day 一天(常用过去式，不可说a day，可以用the other day
【短语】get a call 接到一个电话 answer the phone 接电话
3. help语法搭配
【搭配】help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 get help from sb. 从某人那儿获得帮助
【搭配】help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人干某事 ask (sb.) for help (向某人)求助
【搭配】with the help of sb. / with one’s help 在某人的帮助下
【搭配】help oneself to sth. 随便吃点什么
4、be afraid to do sth 和 be afraid of doing sth 考点区别
【解析】be afraid to do 指的是按照经验或常识不敢去做某事，或没有勇气去做某事。
如：I’m afraid to jump into the river. 我不敢跳进河中。
【解析】be afraid of doing 主要用来谈论一件自己(指句子主语)不希望也不能决定而可能突然发生在自己头上的事，这种事往往带有一种疑惧性，即可能发生也可能不发生，只是自己有这样一种得心(即担心发生)。此时不能用 be afraid to do 搭配。
【例句】She was afraid of waking her husband. 她怕吵醒她丈夫。
请再体会下列句子：
【例句】I’m afraid to speak English before so many people because I’m afraid of making mistakes.
我不敢在那么多人面前说英语，因为我怕出错。
【例句】They are afraid to swim because they are afraid of drowning.
他们不敢游泳，因为他们担心会被淹死。
四、学习易误点点拨
1.I want to know what doing next.(错误)
I wan to know what to do next.(正确)
【点拨】这是一个宾语从句中的搭配： 疑问代词/副词+不定式。又如：
【例句】Can you tell me when to leave tomorrow? 你能告诉我什么时候离开吗？
2. I opened the door use my knife. (错误)
I opened the door with my knife. (正确)
【点拨】这里的用小刀为状语，所以要用介词搭配 with my knife
use my knife 是一个动词的词组，可以与with介词搭配进行同意句的改写。
【例句】I used the knife to open the door.===I opened the door with my knife.
3. He swims cross the river easily. (错误)
He swims across the river easily. (正确)
【点拨】cross 是动词在句中做谓语，而across是介词在句中与动词连用作动词词组。
【例句】He crossed the road carefully.=He went across the road carefully.他小心翼翼地过了马路。
4. We were playing football. Would you like to take part in us? (错误)
We were playing football. Would you like to join us in it? (正确)
【点拨】take part in 是指参加一次活动（会议等）。
【例句】Did he take part in the discussion yesterday?他昨天参加讨论了吗？
join是指加入某个团体/组织，成为永久成员。join the party 入党。
也可以是join sb in sth加入某人做某事的行列。Join sb (in) doing sth
【例句】Can you join us (in) playing football?
5 .There is going to have a meeting tomorrow. (错误)
There is going to be a meeting tomorrow. (正确)
【点拨】there be 搭配表示存在，当这个搭配与将来是连用的时候用there is going to be/there will be ,而不可以误认为是开会(have a meeting)这个词组。
6．Look at those clouds.It will rain. (错误)
Look at those clouds.It is going to rain. (正确)
【点拨】be going to 搭配: 表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。
【扩展】表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。
【例句】I’m going to play basketball with my classmates this Sunday.。
． live in a palace / live next to a restaurant / live in a wooden house
2． Which is your favourite restaurant ? The biggest one.
3． Countries and capitals: The capital of the USA is Washington DC.
The UK----- London; France------ Paris; Japan------ Tokyo;
Russia------ Moscow; Thailand---- Bangkok; China ---- Beijing;
Australia---- Canberra; Italy ----- Rome; Germany----- Berlin
4. Mount Fuji / the Statue of Liberty / the Eiffel Tower / Big Ben
5. homes in different countries / homes around the world
6. sit on the big floor cushions / look out at the beach and the sea
7. live with my family in a wooden house / live in a flat on a busy street
= live in a wooden house with my family
8. climb a ladder to get into my house / play on the balcony
9. It rains a lot. = There is a lot of rain there.
10. My family and I often sit in the kitchen while my mother makes dinner.
11. I share a bedroom with my sister.
12. cook meals in the kitchen / eat meals in a dining-room /
lie on the bunk bed
13. 方位介词：in front of / behind; on the right side / on the left side; in the middle of; above / below; over / under; near / next to / beside; oppside; between / among; in / at /on; inside / outside ; at the top of
14. 数词：1）基数词与序数词； 2）数词读法（大数；电话号码；小数）
15. arrive in / at arrive in Beijing / arrive at our school
16. can’t wait to do sth.
17. have a free day
18. What else are we going? Who else / Where else / something else
19. the Great Wall / the Summer Palace / the Space Museum / the Palace Museum / a green house
20. That sounds great. / This piece of music sounds very beautiful.
21. Daniel got 118 points in the exam and came 1st in his class.
22. be (really) different from
23. phone sb.= call sb. (on the phone) = ring sb. (up) = give sb. a call / a ring
24. May I speak to…? = Can / Could I speak to…?
25. Who’s calling, please? = Who’s that, please ?
26. take a message for sb.
27. Please ask him to call me. (ask sb. to do sth. )
28. What kind of home do you live in?
29. at least
30. There are no other rooms on the second floor.
31. There is also amming-pool which is 50 metres long.
32. This means (that) a lot of people can have a shower or a bath at the same time.
33. Mary lives six floors below Wendy. She lives on the fifth floor.
34. Simon wants to tell Neil where his neighbours live.
35. Keep quiet. Please!
36. The people here are very friendly to us.
37. grow some flowers / grow up
38. lie on the ground / lie in bed
39. above the air conditioner / in front of the bookshelf / opposite the window
40. keep the room clean and tidy
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