说明while和when的用法

如题所述

"when"和"while"都是英语中的从属连词,在句子中连接一个从句和一个主句,起到时间关系的作用,但在使用时有一些不同:
"when"表示两个事件发生的时间是相互关联的,一个事件发生后另一个事件立即发生。例如:When I arrived at the airport, the plane had already taken off. (当我到达机场时,飞机已经起飞了。)I always drink coffee when I wake up. (我每天一起床就喝咖啡。)
"while"表示两个事件发生的时间是同时进行的,它们可能会重叠或者在同一时间段内发生。例如:While I was watching TV, my phone rang. (当我在看电视时,手机响了。)I listened to music while I was cleaning the house. (我在打扫房子的时候听音乐。)
总之,"when"和"while"都用来描述时间关系,但是"when"通常用于描述两个事件之间的先后关系,而"while"则通常用于描述两个事件之间的同时性。
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第1个回答  2014-01-13
when 与 while 用法解析 连接词when与while是一对常与过去进行时合作的twins。但正如世界上没有两片完全相同的树叶一样,when与while在有着某些相似之处的同时,彼此也各有一些区别于对方的截然不同的“独特个性”。Do you want to know the differences between them?请看—— ● when 解析版 〔引导时间状语从句〕具体地说,它有以下几种含义: 1.表明一个动作发生的时候,另一个动作正在进行之中。例如: When the teacher came into the classroom ,we were reading English.当老师走进教室时,我们正在读英语。 2.表明当某一动作正在进行时,另一动作发生了。如: When Kate was flying a kite,she found a wallet lying on the ground.凯特正在放风筝时,她发现地上有个钱包。 〔特别提示〕当when从句放在主句之后时,它更强调某一动作的突然性,此时的when相当于and then,and suddenly,just at that time。如; 1.We were watching TV when the telephone rang.(=We were watching TV and suddenly the telephone rang.)我们正在看电视,(突然)电话铃响了。 试比较:When we were watching TV, the telephone rang.我们正在看电视时,电话铃响了。 2.The boys were playing football when it began to rain.男孩子们正在踢球时,(不料)开始下雨了。 3.I was taking a walk when I came across Lily.我正在散步时,(没想到)遇见了莉莉。 特别是主句中有just,或when从句中有suddenly时,这种突然性更为明显、强烈。例如: 4.He was just falling asleep when he heard someone shout,“Stop the thief!”他刚要入睡,突然听到有人喊:“抓贼!” 5.We were doing our homework at school last night when the lights went out.昨天晚上我们正在学校写作业时,灯(突然)灭了。 〔相关链接〕when引导的状语从句除了上述意义之外,也常具有其他一些含义: 1.一……就……(=as soon as) We will stand up when the teacher comesin.老师一进来我们就起立。 2.虽然;然而;可是(=although) We had only five boxes when we needed eight.我们需要八个箱子,可是只有五个。 3.每当……(=whenever) It is always very hot here when it is summer.每当夏季,这儿总是很热。 4.既然(=since,as) Why did you come here on foot when you know you should come by bike?既然你知道该骑自行车来,你为何还要步行呢? ● while 解析版 while引导状语从句,有以下两种含义: 1.表示某个动作正在进行的同时,另一动作也在进行之中,这时主从句都用进行时态,有对同类的两个动作进行对比的意味。如: While I was playing the piano,she was dancing.我在弹钢琴,她在跳舞。 While Jim is picking apples,Kate is carrying apples to the truck.吉姆正在摘苹果,凯特正在把苹果搬到卡车上去。 2.表示某个动作正在进行时,又发生了另一动作(该动作用一般过去时)。如: While I was reading,I fell asleep.我读着读着就睡着了。 While we were swimming in the river,we saw a fish jump out of the water.我们正在河中游泳时,看见一条鱼跃出了水面。 〔相关链接〕 while还有以下几种常见用法: 1.只要(=as long as) There will be life while there is water and air.只要有空气和水,就会有生命。 2.而;然而〔表示对比〕 He is a driver while I'm a teacher.他是司机,而我是老师。 3.虽然(=although);尽管〔表示让步〕 While I see what you say,I can't agree with you.虽然我能理解你说的话,但是我不能同意你。 4.用作名词,表示“一会儿或一段时间”,常与a,the或this等连用。如: Just wait a while and then I will help you.等一下,我会来帮你的。 Where have you been all this while?这一阵子你一直都在哪儿? ● when 与 while 区别版 综上所述,我们可以看出when与while本质的区别在于:when既可以指某一点时间,也可以指某一段时间,其从句谓语动词表示的动作既可以是瞬间性的、非延续性的,也可以是延续性的;while指一段时间,从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的。即:指一段时间时,when可用while来代替;指一点时间时,when不能用 while来代替。试比较: When he woke up,it was eight o'clock.(√) While he woke up,it was eight o'clock.(×) When I was waiting for a bus,I met her.(√) While I was waiting for a bus,I met her.(√) ●练习版 Can you say the following sentences in English? 1.当我们到达火车站时,天正下着雪。 ______________________________ 2.孩子们正在做游戏,突然铃响了。 ______________________________ 3.爸爸在洗车时,妈妈在做饭。 ______________________________ 4.琳达正在跑步时伤了自己的左腿。 ______________________________ 5.我们在西安时,每天见面。 ______________________________ Key: 1.When we got to the train station,it was snowing. 2.The children were playing games when the bell rang. 3.While dad was washing his car,mum was cooking. 4.When /While Linda was running,she hurt her left leg. 5.When /While we were in Xi'an,we met every day. when和while引导的时间状语从句与这一时态连用。所以区别when和while的用法成了这一单元的难点。 (一)、when,while都有“当……时候”的意思。when既可表示某一点时间,也可以表示某一段时间 。在when引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是非延续性的,可与主句中的谓语动词同时发生,也可在其后发生。 例如: 1、I was just reading a book when she came into my room. 她走进我房间时,我正在看书。 2、Were you writing when the teacher came in? 老师进来的时候,你在写信吗? 3、When he was a child he was always trying out new ideas. 他小时候就常常试验一些新的设想。 (二)、while只能表示某一段时间,不能表示某一点时间。在while引导的时间状语从句中,其谓语动词只能是延续性的,而且也只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在。 例如: 1、While Jim was mending his bike, Lin Tao came to see him. 正当吉姆修自行车时,林涛来看他。 2、You can’t do your homework while you’re watching TV. 你不能一边看电视一边做家庭作业。 (三)、另外,when和while的区别还在于:while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态,而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。 例如: 1、While they were talking , the bell rang. 正在他们谈话的时候,上课铃响了。 2、I was doing my homework when my mother came back home yesterday evening. 昨天晚上妈妈回家的时候,我正在做家庭作业本回答被提问者采纳
第2个回答  2014-01-14
while :两个动作都是长动作。 He is eating while i am drinking.
when:短动作或某个时刻的状态。 It is 7 o'clock when i go to school.
第3个回答  2019-12-11
第4个回答  2020-02-17
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