古英语中“thou hast”“thou doth”以及在动词后加“est”的用法解释？

Question

各相当于现在英语中的什么形式？ 详细点啊。。

Answer 1

古英语和现代英语中的第二人称代词对应如下：

古英语: thou, thee, thy, thine, thyself
现代：you（主语），you(宾语）, your , yours, yourself

thou hast = you have
thou dost = you do

在“thou"后面出现的动词在古英语中通常以“-st"或“-est"结尾，现在时和过去时都是这样。至于原因我想是约定俗成的用法。常用动词举例：

to be: thou art (thou'rt), thou wast
to do: thou dost, thou didst
to go: thou goest, thou wentest
to have: thou hast, thou hadst
to know: thou knowest, thou knewest
to drive: thou drivest, thou drovest
to make: thou makest, thou madest
to love: thou lovest, thou lovedest
to pull: thou pullest, thou pulldest
to write: thou writest, thou wrotest
to turn: thou turnest, thou turnedst
to return: thou returnest, thou returnedst
to wear: thou wearst, thou worest
may: thou mayst, thou myghte
shall: thou shalt, thou shouldst
will: thou wilt