(1)质谱图最右边的分子离子峰表示该物质的相对分子质量.根据质谱图可知,该有机物的相对分子质量为74;由红外光谱图可看出该分子中有不对称CH
3,因此该分子中有2个CH
3,由图也可以看出含有C=O双键,C-O-C单键.所以A的结构简式为CH
3COOCH
3,分子式为C
3H
6O
2.CH
3COOCH
3与氢氧化钠溶液在加热条件下,发生水解反应生成乙酸钠、甲醇,反应方程式为CH
3COOCH
3+NaOH
CH
3COONa+CH
3OH,
故答案为:74;C
3H
6O
2;CH
3COOCH
3+NaOH
CH
3COONa+CH
3OH;
(2)A的相对分子质量为74,所以B的相对分子质量为70.B能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色,B中含有不饱和键,由相对分子质量可知B为烯烃,令B的分子式为CnH2n,则14n=70,所以n=5,故B的分子式为C
5H
10,B含有2个甲基,若双键在端位置,则含有1个支链(支链中不含支链),B可能的结构简式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/b21bb051f81986180737023549ed2e738bd4e60b?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
、
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/472309f7905298221131d472d4ca7bcb0a46d405?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
.若双键不再端位置,则不含支链,B可能的结构简式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/dbb44aed2e738bd485515f80a28b87d6277ff90b?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
、
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/2f738bd4b31c870199c65f57247f9e2f0708ff0b?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/b21bb051f81986180737023549ed2e738bd4e60b?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
、
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/472309f7905298221131d472d4ca7bcb0a46d405?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
、
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/dbb44aed2e738bd485515f80a28b87d6277ff90b?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
、
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/2f738bd4b31c870199c65f57247f9e2f0708ff0b?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
(3)链烃C是B的同系物,且其对乙烯的相对密度为3,则C的分子式为C
6H
12,C的核磁共振氢谱显示:C中只含有一种氢原子,则为C=C双键连接4个甲基,C的结构简式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/500fd9f9d72a605950120cab2b34349b033bba05?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,发生加聚反应的方程式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/622762d0f703918ff3a1d07b523d269759eec40b?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/622762d0f703918ff3a1d07b523d269759eec40b?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
.