定语从句
1:需要了解先行词和关系词
先行词：被定语从句修饰的名次，代词
the boy who is sleeping is my nephew
先行词：the boy
this is the book which my uncle gave me
先行词：the book
关系词：用来引导定语从句的引导词
俩者的联系：关系词指代的含义就是先行词
this is the man who helped me yesterday
2:关系词的用法
常用的几个关系词：who /whom/that /which /whose
修饰事物：that 与which的区别
the book that/which is good is expensive
但是如果引导从句修饰事物打逗号的时候只能用which ,that引导从句修饰事物不可以打逗号
I have a book ,which is good
2:只能that 不能用which 的情况
1）：当先行词是 all, much ,little ,few 等不定代词
you should hand in all that you have
你们应该把你们所拥有的一切都交上来
当先行词有the only ,the very ,the last等词修饰Chatting was the only thing that interested her.
聊天是她唯一感兴趣的事
3）：当先行词是序数词，形容词最高级或先行词被该类词修饰时
this is the best film that has been shown so far in the city
这是这座城市迄今为止所放映过的最好的电影
4) :当先行词既有人又有物的时候
She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in
Who 主要在从句中做宾语，而whom主要在从句中作宾语
There are many young men who are for him
I happened to meet the professor whom I got to know at a party
关系副词
When/where/why
Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice
I shall never forget the days when we worked on the farm
I have come around to explain the reason why I was absent from the meeting
状语从句
1:时间/地点/原因/目的/结果/条件/让步/比较/方式
it was snowing when we arrived airport
a stranger came in while we were dancing
I saw a postman standing downstairs as I opened the windows
小区别:when:动作可以是延续性也可以是非延续性
While:动作是延续的
As:一边......一边
从句主句动作同时进行
I will wait until the concert is over
this city has changed a lot since you left
引导地点状语的引导词:where/wherever
引导原因状语从句的引导词:because/since/as
目的状态语从句的引导词:so that/in order that 表示为了
结果状语从句的引导词：so that：以致于/ so/such…..that ：如此…..以致于……
so+adj+a/an+可数名词单数+that
so+副词+that
so +many /few/much /little+相应形式的名词+that
so +adj+that
外面太冷了以致于我们停止比赛
such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+that
such +形容词+可数名词复数+that
让步从句的引导词：though/ although /even though/even if
表示比较状语的从句as…. as/that
表示方式状语从句的引导词：as/ as if /as though
上初中时的语法笔记
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