古英语中“thou hast”“thou doth”以及在动词后加“est”的用法解释？

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

古英语和现代英语中的第二人称代词对应如下：
古英语:
thou,
thee,
thy,
thine,
thyself
现代：you（主语），you(宾语）,
your
,
yours,
yourself
thou
hast
=
you
have
thou
dost
=
you
do
在“thou"后面出现的动词在古英语中通常以“-st"或“-est"结尾，现在时和过去时都是这样。至于原因我想是约定俗成的用法。常用动词举例：
to
be:
thou
art
(thou'rt),
thou
wast
to
do:
thou
dost,
thou
didst
to
go:
thou
goest,
thou
wentest
to
have:
thou
hast,
thou
hadst
to
know:
thou
knowest,
thou
knewest
to
drive:
thou
drivest,
thou
drovest
to
make:
thou
makest,
thou
madest
to
love:
thou
lovest,
thou
lovedest
to
pull:
thou
pullest,
thou
pulldest
to
write:
thou
writest,
thou
wrotest
to
turn:
thou
turnest,
thou
turnedst
to
return:
thou
returnest,
thou
returnedst
to
wear:
thou
wearst,
thou
worest
may:
thou
mayst,
thou
myghte
shall:
thou
shalt,
thou
shouldst
will:
thou
wilt