要20个动词和过去式,急急急急急急急

如题所述

(一)、不规则动词过去式和过去分词

  动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点,而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点,但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。

  一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。如:

  cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread

  特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。

  二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如:

  come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome

  三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如:

  1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如:

  lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent

  2. 改变单词中间元音字母。如:

  sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held

  3. 以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。如:

  keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept

  4. 过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如:

  buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught

  5. 有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如:

  say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid

  6. 另有一些其它形式的变化。如:

  have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-met-met, feel-felt-felt

  四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变i为a,在过去分词中变i为u。如:

  五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加n。如:

  blow- blew- blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew-known

  六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en,变成以en结尾的单词。如:

  rise-rose-risen, give-gave-given, take-took-taken, fall-fell-fallen, drive-drove-driven, eat-ate-eaten

  特殊: write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, ride-rode-ridden, get-got-gotten

  (二)、动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则

  动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

  1) 规则变化

  情况 例词 读音与说明

  动词原形 过去式 过去分词

  一般在动词原形后加-ed look

  call

  open

  need looked

  called

  opened

  needed looked [lukt]

  called [kC:ld]

  opened [5EupEnd]

  needed [ni:did] ①-ed在清辅音音素后

  发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]

  ②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕

  后发音为[id]

  ③但fix的过去式和过去

  分词x不双写,为fixed.

  以-e结尾的动词加-d move

  phone

  hope

  agree moved

  phoned

  hoped

  agreed moved [mu:vd]

  phoned [fEund]

  hoped [hEupt]

  agreed [E5^ri:d]

  以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,

  再加-ed study

  carry

  try studied

  studied

  carried studied [5stQdid]

  carried [5kArid]

  tried [traid]

  以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed play

  enjoy

  stay played

  enjoyed

  stayed played [pleid]

  enjoyed [in5dVCid]

  stayed [steid]

  末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-ed stop

  plan

  fit stopped

  planned

  fitted stopped [stCpt]

  planned [plAnd]

  fitted [5fitid]

  以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,

  再加-ed prefer

  refer preferred

  referred preferred [prI`f:d]

  referred [ri5fE:]

  2) 不规则变化

  英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。

  1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。

  例:

  原形 过去式 过去分词

  cut(切)

  hit(打)

  cast(扔)

  hurt(伤害)

  put(放)

  let(让)

  shut(关)

  cost(花费)

  set(放)

  rid(清除) cut

  hit

  cast

  hurt

  put

  let

  shut

  cost

  set

  rid cut

  hit

  cast

  hurt

  put

  let

  shut

  cost

  set

  rid
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第1个回答  2011-11-13
get -got come-came become-became feel-felt tell=told visit-visited fly-flew do=did go=went sit-sat fail-failed teach-taught buy-bought cry-cried know-knew throw-threw walk-walked run-ran swim-swam say-said
第2个回答  2011-11-19
直接加ed 或 d
look ----looked
listen----listened
watch-----watched
like-----liked
love-----loved
变y为 i 加ed
study------studied
不规则
get----got
find----found
think-----thought
come-----came
feel-------felt
go----went
fight-----fought
fall-----fell
see-------saw
do-----did
bite-----bit
hurt-----hurt
spend-------spent
forget------forgot本回答被网友采纳
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