sinceçç¨æ³ï¼è¯ä½âèªä»â¦ä»¥æ¥â
(1)æ¥æ¶é´ç¹ï¼å¦ I have stayed in that country since 1995. è¦æ±ï¼è°v.ç¨ç°å¨å®ææ¶ï¼èä¸é¡»æ¯å»¶ç»æ§å¨è¯ã
æ¥ä¸æ®µæ¶é´ + agoï¼å¦ They have lived in that house since two years ago. è¦æ±ï¼è°v.ç¨ç°å¨å®ææ¶ï¼èä¸é¡»æ¯å»¶ç»æ§å¨è¯ã
æ¥æ¶é´ç¶è¯ä»å¥ï¼å¦ I have loved her since I met her last time. / Lily has stayed at home since she left school. è¦æ±ï¼ä¸»å¥çè°v.ç¨ç°å¨å®ææ¶ï¼èä¸é¡»æ¯å»¶ç»æ§å¨è¯ï¼ä»å¥çè°v.ç¨ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶ï¼èä¸é¡»æ¯ç»æ¢æ§å¨è¯ã
(4)ç¨äºå¥åâItâs / It has been + ä¸æ®µæ¶é´ + since + æ¶é´ç¶è¯ä»å¥âä¸ï¼è¯ä½âèªä»â¦ä»¥æ¥, å·²ç»â¦(æ¶é´)äºâãå¦ Itâs / has been three months since he moved to this city. è¦æ±ï¼ä¸»å¥çè°v.ç¨ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶æç°å¨å®ææ¶ï¼ä»å¥çè°v.ç¨ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶ï¼èä¸é¡»æ¯ç»æ¢æ§å¨è¯ã
(5)ç¨äºå¥åâä¸æ®µæ¶é´ + has passed since + æ¶é´ç¶è¯ä»å¥âä¸ï¼è¯ä½âèªä»â¦ä»¥æ¥, ⦠(æ¶é´)å·²ç»è¿å»äºâãå¦ä¸ä¸ªä¾å¥è¿å¯åæï¼Three months has passed since he moved to this city. è¦æ±ï¼ä¸»å¥çè°v.ç¨ç°å¨å®ææ¶ï¼èä¸å¨è¯å¿
é¡»æ¯has passedï¼ä»å¥çè°v.ç¨ä¸è¬è¿å»æ¶ï¼èä¸é¡»æ¯ç»æ¢æ§å¨è¯ã
(6)注ï¼å½sinceç¨äºå¦å®å¥æ¶ï¼ä¸»å¥çè°v.å¯ä»¥æ¯ç»æ¢æ§å¨è¯ãå¦ He hasnât seen the film since last month.
(7)ç¸å
³è¯ç»ï¼âä»é£æ¶èµ·âï¼ever sinceãsince thenãfrom then on. 注ï¼ever sinceä½ä¸ºä¸ä¸ªè¯ç»ï¼æ¾å¥å°¾å¯åç¬ä½¿ç¨ãå¦I have given up smoking ever since. å¦å¤ï¼è¿å¯å¨sinceåæ¥å¥åãsinceåå everï¼åªæ¯å éè¯æ°èå·²ãå¦ I have given up smoking ever since I caught a bad cough.
(8) sinceè¿å¯å¼å¯¼åå ç¶è¯ä»å¥ï¼è¯ä½âç±äºï¼å 为âï¼ç¸å½äºbecauseãå¦ Since he was lazy, he didnât finish his homework.
therefore adv.å æ¤, æ以=for that reason=consequently常ç¨äºè¿æ¥ä¸¤ä¸ªå¹¶ååå¥ï¼å
¶åå âandâæåå·â;âã
He was ill, and therefore could not come. ä»ç
äº, æ以æªè½æ¥ã
He has broken his leg and therefore he can't walk.ä»æåäºè
¿ï¼å æ¤ä¸è½èµ°è·¯äºã
We do not have enough money. Therefore we cannot afford to buy the new car.æ们çé±ä¸å¤,å æ¤ä¹°ä¸æè¿è¾æ°è½¦ã
so conj. advå è, æ以, ç»ææ¯
It was late, so we went home. 天æäº, æ以æ们就å家å»äºã
He was sick, so they were quiet.ä»ç
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hence adv.å æ¤, ä»æ¤
The town was built among the hills, hence the name Hilltown. 该åé修建å¨ç¾¤å±±ä¹ä¸,æ
åå'å±±å'ã
It is very late; hence you must go to bed.æ¶é´å·²ç»å¾æäºï¼å æ¤ä½ å¿
é¡»ç¡è§å»ã(è®°ä½åé¢æ¯åå·ï¼èä¸æ¯éå·)
then advå æ¤ï¼å°± Go into the cave, then they won't see you. 躲è¿æ´éå»ï¼é£ä»ä»¬å°±çä¸å°ä½ äºã
5ãaccordingly adv.å æ¤, ä»è;æ以ï¼å æ¤ç»æ;å æ¤(å¶ä½è¿è¯ä½¿ç¨conj.)
He was asked to leave the city and accordingly he went.æ人å«ä»ç¦»å¼è¯¥åå¸,æ以ä»å°±èµ°äºã You may arrange accordingly.ä½ å¯ä»¥æå®å¤çã
Mr Foster has never been to China. Consequently / Hence he knows very little about it.ç¦æ¯ç¹å
çä»æªå»è¿ä¸å½,æ以对ä¸å½äºè§£å¾å¾å°ã
My car was broken down and consequently I was late. = in consequence
Thus adv.å¦æ¤ï¼åè¿æ ·;å æ¤;äºæ¯
He sold his farm and thus he had enough money for his journey.ä»åæäºååºï¼è¿æ ·ä»å°±æ足å¤çé±æ
è¡äºã
There has been no rain - thus, the crops are drying.天没ä¸é¨ï¼å æ¤åºç¨¼è¦æ¯æ»äºã
already åyetçåºå«ç¨æ³
already åyeté½æ¯è¡¨ç¤ºæ¶é´çç¶è¯å¯è¯ãé½è¡¨ç¤ºâå·²ç»âï¼ä¹é½ç¨äºå®ææ¶ãä½already ä¸è¬ç¨äºè¯å®å¥ä¸èyetä¸è¬ç¨äºå¦å®å¥åçé®å¥ä¸ã
eg : I have already finished my homework . æå·²ç»å®ææçä½ä¸äºã
Have you finished your homework yet ? ä½ å·²ç»å®æä½ä¸äºåï¼
No , I havenât finished it yet. ä¸ï¼æ²¡å®æã
aså¯ç¨ä½è¿è¯ï¼å¼å¯¼æ¯è¾ãæ¶é´ãåå åæ¹å¼çåç§ç¶è¯ä»å¥ï¼åºæ³¨æçæ¯ï¼å¼å¯¼çæ¯è¾ç¶è¯ä»å¥å¾å¾æçç¥;å¼å¯¼çæ¶é´ç¶è¯ä»å¥ä¸è¬ç¨ä¸è¬ç°å¨æ¶èä¸ç¨ä¸è¬å°æ¥æ¶;å¼å¯¼åå ç¶è¯ä»å¥æ¶ä¸âBecauseâåâsinceâå¼å¯¼çä»å¥æ¯è¾èµ·èµ·æ¥è¯æ°æå¼±ã
asä½ä»è¯ï¼æææ¶âä½ä¸ºâï¼â以â¦â¦èº«ä»½âãä¾å¦:He came to China as a tourist five years ago.
è表示åâ¦ä¸æ ·æ¶ï¼likeé常ä½ä»è¯ç¨ï¼èä»è¯åé¢é常æ¥åè¯ï¼ä»£åè¯åå¨åè¯ã
as in Australiaâåå¨æ¾³å¤§å©äºä¸æ ·âã
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as carefully as you can å°½å¯è½è®¤çå°
1ãasæ¯è¿è¯ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºâéçâçæä¹ãlivesæ¯lifeçå¤æ°ï¼æä¹æ¯âçæ´»âã
2ãasæ¯è¿è¯ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºâå 为ï¼ç±äºâçæä¹ãwantingæ¯ç°å¨åè¯ï¼è¡¨ç¤ºä¸»å¨æä¹ï¼wanting to buy cars=who want to buy carsã
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ã asä½è¿è¯çç¨æ³: 1.ä½âå¨-------æé´ï¼å½----çæ¶åâå¼å¯¼æ¶é´ç¶è¯ä»å¥.注æä¸whenã whileçç¨æ³åºå«ã â ä¸åæ
å½¢æ¶,åªç¨as, èä¸ç¨whenæwhileã 1)ç¨äºè¡¨ç¤ºåä¸ä¸ªäººç两ç§å¨ä½äº¤æ¿è¿è¡,æä¸è¾¹----ä¸è¾¹. å¦: The girl sings as she goes to school. He looked behind occasionally as he went forward in the forest. 2)表示两个åæ¥åççå¨ä½æè¡?æææ¯éç-----çåå±.å¦: As time went on / by, she became more and more beautiful . As children get older, they become more and more interested in everything. 3)表示两个çæè¡ä¸ºæäºæ
å ä¹åæ¶åç.å¦:I watched her as she read the book. I thought of it just as you opened your mouth. Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry. 4)æ¥å¨åè¯åé¢è¡¨ç¤ºæä¸ä¸ªå¹´é¾æ®µæ¶.å¦: As a young man, he was active in sports. â¡whenä½"å½â¦â¦çæ¶å"解,å¯ä»¥æè¾çç(ä¸ç¹)æ¶é´,ä¹å¯æä¸æ®µæ¶é´ãå¦:When I was at college, I could speak several foreign languages. When the clock struck twelve, I had slept for 2hours. ⢠while常表示ä¸æ®µè¾é¿çæ¶é´æä¸ä¸ªè¿ç¨,强è°ä¸»å¥è°è¯å¨è¯ä¸ä»å¥è°è¯å¨è¯åæ¶åçãå¦:Work while you work. Play while you play.
As =Since ä½"æ¢ç¶"ã"ç±äº"解,å¼å¯¼åå ç¶è¯ä»å¥,常ç¨æ¥è¡¨ç¤ºå·²ä¸ºäººä»¬æç¥ææ¾èæè§çåå æçç±ãå¦: As heâs been ill for ages, I will help him. As / Since you're not feeling well, you may stay at home. As he wasn't ready , we went without him.
As =in the way thatä½"å"ã"æç
§â¦â¦çæ¹å¼"解,å¼å¯¼æ¹å¼ç¶è¯ä»å¥ãå¦: Do as I told you. Remember, you must do everything as I do.
ç¨äºas--- asænot / so/ as ---- asä¸,åä¸ä¸ªasæ¯å¯è¯,åä¸ä¸ªasæ¯è¿è¯,å¼å¯¼æ¯è¾ç¶è¯ä»å¥ãå¦:They helped the old as much as possible. I don't speak English so/ as well as she does.
表示è½ç¶,尽管 ç,å¼å¯¼è®©æ¥ç¶è¯ä»å¥,常ç¨åè£
è¯åº,模å¼ä¸º: adj. /adv. / n.+as +主è¯+è°è¯+主å¥ãå¦: Young as he is, he knows much. Tired as they were, they walked on.
表示ä¹------ä¸æ ·ã She is a doctor, as was her husband. (äº)ã asä½å
³ç³»ä»£è¯,å¼å¯¼å®è¯ä»å¥,表示æ£å¦,è¿ä¸ç¹.å¦: He is very careful, as we all know. As is well-known, Taiwan belongs to China. å¦å¤,å½å
è¡è¯è¢«the same, suchçè¯ä¿®é¥°æ¶,常ç¨asæ¥å¼å¯¼å®è¯ä»å¥ãå¦: Such a clever girl as she can learn anything quickly. I was reading the same book as he bought yesterday.
asä½ä»è¯çç¨æ³. 1.表示好åãå¦:He dressed as a policeman. 2. 表示ä½ä¸ºå½ä½ãå¦:I found a job as a guide. 3. å½æ人æ¯æ身份æ¶ãå¦:As a child , she was sent to abroad. 4. aså¼å¯¼çä»è¯çè¯å¤§å¤ç¨ä½ç¶è¯,asè¯ä¸º"ä½ä¸º";å°æ°æ
åµå¯å¼èµ·å®¾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯ãå¦: As a Party member, I'll take the lead in everything. (ç¶è¯) She works as a model. (ç¶è¯) She has me as one of her best friends.(å¼èµ·å®¾è¯è¡¥è¶³è¯) (
ä½å¯è¯çç¨æ³ 1 表示ä¸------çåãå¦:This dress is twice as expensive as that one. 2 åï¼å¦çãå¦:As before, he remained unmoved.
although ä¸ thoughçç¨æ³åºå«
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大è´åä¹ï¼å¯æ¢ç¨ï¼åªæ¯ although æ¯ though æ´ä¸ºæ£å¼: Though [Although] it was rainingï¼we went there. è½ç¶ä¸çé¨ï¼ä½æ们è¿æ¯å»äºé£å¿ã
Though [Although] it was barely four oâclock, the lights were already on. 尽管æåç¹éï¼ç¯å·²ç»äº®äºã
Though [Although] we are poor, we are still happy. æ们è½ç¶ç©·ï¼ä»ç¶å¾å¿«æ´»ã
äºãç¨ä½å¯è¯ although ä¸è¬ä¸ç¨ä½å¯è¯ï¼è though å¯ç¨ä½å¯è¯ï¼ä¸ä¸è¬æ¾å¨å¥æ«(ä¸æ¾å¨å¥é¦)ï¼æ为âå¯æ¯âãâä¸è¿â:
Itâs hard work; I enjoy it though. å·¥ä½å¾è¾è¦ï¼å¯æ¯æä¹æå¹²ã
He is looking fit, though. ä½ä»çèµ·æ¥å¾å¥åº·ã
You can count on him, though. ä¸è¿ä½ å¯ä»¥æé ä»ã
ä¸ãç¨äºä¹ è¯ å¨ as though(好åï¼ä»¿ä½)ï¼even though(å³ä½¿ï¼çºµç¶)çåºå®çè¯ä¸ä¸è½ç¨ although:
She closed her eyes as though she were tired. 她éä¸ç¼ï¼ä»¿ä½å¾ç²å³ä¼¼çã
We felt as though we had witnessed the whole thing. æ们æå°ä»¿ä½ç®å»äºæ´ä¸ªè¿ä»¶äºä¼¼çã
He is an honest man, I must say, even though I have opposed him. 尽管æå对è¿ä»ï¼æè¿å¾è¯´ä»æ¯ä¸ä¸ªè¯å®ç人ã
She was always afraid of men, even though she had lots of boyfriends.尽管她æå¾å¤ç·æåï¼å¥¹æ»æ¯å®³æç·äººã
åãç¨äºåè£
though å¼å¯¼ç让æ¥ç¶è¯ä»å¥å¯ç¨é¨ååè£
çå½¢å¼(注æ:åè£
åä½äºå¥é¦çåè¯ä¹åä¸ç¨å è¯)ï¼ä½ although ä¸è¬ä¸è¿æ ·ç¨:
Poor though I am, I can afford it. æè½ç©·ï¼ä½è¿ä¸è¥¿è¿æ¯ä¹°å¾èµ·çã
Child though he was, he did quite well. ä»è½æ¯å©åï¼ä½å¹²å¾å¾å¥½ã
å¦å¤æ³¨æ: 1. althoughè¾æ£å¼ï¼è¯æ°å¼º Although he was tired, he went on working.
2. althoughå¼å¯¼çä»å¥æ¾å¨ä¸»å¥åååå¯ï¼ææ¶è¿å¯æ¾å¨å¥ä¸ã
Although many difficulties are still ahead, we are determined to make greater achievements. 尽管å¨åé¢çéè·¯ä¸è¿æ许å¤å°é¾ï¼ä½æ¯ï¼æ们å³å¿è¦åå¾æ´å¤§çæå°±ã
He often helps me with my English although he is quite busy. 尽管ä»ç¸å½å¿ï¼ä½æ¯è¿å¸¸å¸¸å¸®æå¦è±è¯ã
3. althoughå¼å¯¼çä»å¥ä¸è½ä¸but, howeverè¿ç¨ï¼ä½å¯ä¸yet, stillè¿ç¨ã
ä¸è½è¯´:Although he was old, but he worked hard. åºæbutå»æã
å½ç¶ï¼ä¿çbutèå»Althoughä¹å¯ã 注æ:although çå ä¸: althoughä¸è½æå设çæ
åµ althoughä¸è½ä½å¹¶åè¿è¯ althoughä¸è½ä½å¯è¯ï¼æ¾å¨è¯å°¾å¸¸ç¨è¿è¯ä»ç».
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