台州学院 学年 第 学期
级 专业 《管理学》 期末试卷（B卷）（闭卷）
班级____________ 姓名_____________学号____________
题号 一 二 三 四 五 总分
分值 15 13 12 20 40 100
得分
一、选择题 （15分） （单项选择，共15题，每题1分）
B 1. Whereas _____________ is concerned with the means of getting things done, _____________ is concerned with the ends, or attainment of organizational goals.
a. effectiveness; efficiency
b. efficiency效率; effectiveness 效果
c. effectiveness; goal attainment
d. goal attainment; efficiency
c 2. The process of monitoring, comparing, and correcting is called _____________.
a. leading. b. coordinating. c. controlling. d. organizing.
A 3. Henri Fayol would be classified under which of the following management approaches?
a. General Administrative
b. Scientific Management 泰勒
c. Quantitative
d. Human Resource
4. Which of the following is not an example of an organization's general environment?
a. Industry conditions
b. Political conditions
c. Social conditions
d. Technological conditions
D 5. According to the text, because managers can’t possibly analyze all information on all alternatives, managers ______________, rather than ______________.
a. maximize; satisfice
b. maximize; minimize
c. satisfice; minimize
d. satisfice; maximize
a 6. A management system in which specific performance goals are jointly determined by employees and their managers is known as ______________.
a. management by objectives. 目标管理方法
b. means-ends chain.
c. traditional goal setting.
d. management by opinions.
C 7. In the strategic management process, any organizational skills or resources that are exceptional or unique are the organization's ______________.
a. strength basis.
b. opportunities.
c. core competencies.
d. success barometer.
C 8. ______________ is the process of creating an organization's structure.
a. Human resource management
b. Leading
c. Organizing
d. Planning
b 9. The ______________ is the continuous line of authority that extends from upper organizational levels to the lowest levels and clarifies who reports to whom.
a. chain of demand
b. chain of command
c. demand hierarchy
d. continuous design structure
b 10. As managers move up in organizations, they tend to need more _____________.
a. technical skills.
b. conceptual skills.
c. human skills.
d. supervision.
d11. Growth, achieving one’s potential, and self-fulfillment, and the drive to become what one is capable of becoming are characteristics of which need according to Maslow’s hierarchy?
a. physiological b. esteem c. social d. self-actualization
a 12. People will do better when they get ______________ because it helps identify discrepancies between what they have done and what they want to do.
a. feedback b. goals c. equity d. power
a. a 13. Persons who are able to influence others and who possess managerial领导 、authority are managers. b. leaders. c. organizers. d. team members.
termed ______________.
c 14. Who developed the first contingency model for leadership?
a. Blake and Mouton b. Adler c. Fiedler d. Lewin
d 15. Standards are created during the ______________ process.
a. controlling b. leading c. organizing d. planning
二、判断题 （13分） （对的打√，错的打×，共13题，每题1分）
1. The four contemporary functions of management are planning, organizing, leading, and controlling. T
2. An organization's founder has little influence on its culture. F
3. Managers regularly use their intuition in decision-making. F √
4. A trucking company that grows by purchasing a chain of gasoline stations is engaged in horizontal integration. F
5. Porter's competitive strategies framework outlines how management can create and sustain a competitive advantage that will give a company above-average profitability. T
6. An organic organization tends to be characterized by high specialization, extensive departmentalization, narrow spans of control, high formalization, a limited information network, and little participation in decision-making by low-level employees. F
7. Innovators need the efficiency, stability, and tight controls of the mechanistic structure. F
8. SWOT analysis is an analysis of an organization's environmental opportunities and threats. F
9. Job rotation is the implementation of lateral transfers allowing employees to work at different jobs in an organization. 对的
10. According to equity theory, a person who earns $80,000 will be less satisfied with their pay than a person who earns $100,000. F
11. Fiedler's contingency model of leadership style effectiveness depends on the ability and willingness of the subordinates. F
12. A group of individuals who are experts in various specialties and who work together is a cross-functional team. T
13. An increasing body of evidence suggests that strong cultures are associated with high organizational performance. T
三、根据案例提供情况选择答案 （12分）（单项选择，共8题，每题1.5分）
(一) Angie wants to understand what her subordinates think about their jobs. These employees are unmotivated.
A 1 . Angie tries to find how strongly employees believed that if they put effort into their work that they would perform the job satisfactorily. This could be defined as _____________.
a. expectancy
b. instrumentality
c. valence
d. equity
B 2. Angie tries to convince the employees that things will get better if they will work harder. As a process of talking to employees, Angie suggests that she will get raises for the employees based on their harder work. The employees do not believe that Angie can get them raises for working harder. The employees’ __________ is not very strong.
a. expectancy
b. instrumentality
c. valence
d. equity
C 3. In the end, the employees decide to work harder, and Angie is allowed to give them a raise of 2 percent. Several of the employees feel the raise was too small. This reinforced their feeling that the company will never pay them based on the value they add to the company. This idea refers to _____________.
a. expectancy
b. instrumentality
c. valence 效价
d. reinforcement
D4. The employees begin to compare their pay and work conditions to the pay and work conditions of friends and relatives who work in other companies in the local area. This process falls under __________ theory.
a. reinforcement
b. expectancy
c. goal-setting
d. equity
（二）Robert Downs has just completed a Master of Science degree in Computer Science at Major State University. He now wants to begin a new Internet business selling his services as a Web site maker for companies in his home city, St. Louis. He estimates that within 1 year, if his business idea is a success, that, at a minimum, he will be employing 10 programmers and 2 analysts.
D 5. To make his business successful, he will first have to develop which type of plans?
a. operational plans
b. specific plans
c. directional plans
d. strategic plans
A6. To clarify how the overall goals are to be achieved, he will have to develop which type of plans?
a. operational plans
b. specific plans
c. directional plans
d. strategic plans
B7. To ensure that the organization’s objectives are clearly defined and do not leave room for interpretation, he will have to develop which type of plans?
a. operational plans
b. specific plans
c. directional plans
d. strategic plans
C 8. To provide the programmers and analyst general guidelines about the efficiencies that are desired, he will have to develop which type of plans?
a. operational plans
b. specific plans
c. directional plans
d. strategic plans
四、问答题 （20分） （共2题，每题10分）
1. Describe and provide examples of first-line, middle, and top managers.
2. Discuss the characteristics for each of the four categories based on the BCG matrix.【
五、案例题 （40分） （共2题，每题20分）
1.某公司总经理为了使公司的供电设施规划尽快落实、并且把自己设想变为现实，就把负责这一项目的设备工程师李工叫到总经办。在办公室里，总经理将自己想法和公司的供电设施规划一五一十地告诉了李工。作为专业技术人员，李工对总经理要求一口应允。
突然有一天，总经理问李工所在的部门负责人王经理：“前段时间安排给李工去做的工作进展如何？一些项目为何没有按照要求去做。” 王经理被问得莫名其妙，委屈地说：“我不知道有这回事，李工也没有向我汇报过这个情况。”结果工程未达到要求，也没有按时完成，为此王经理受到了总经理批评。
请问：总经理有没有批评错？王经理有什么责任，李工应负什么责任？他们如何处理比较合理？
2. ABC公司是一家中等规模的汽车配件生产集团。最近，对该公司的三个重要部门经理进行了一次有关领导类型的调查。
（1）安西尔
安西尔对他本部门的产出感到自豪。他总是强调对生产过程、出产量控制的必要性，坚持下属人员必须很好地理解生产指令以得到迅速、完整、准确的反馈。安西尔当遇到小问题时，会放手交给下级去处理，当问题很严重时，他则委派几个有能力的下属人员去解决问题。通常情况下，他只是大致规定下属人员的工作方针、完成怎样的报告及完成期限。安西尔认为只有这样才能导致更好的合作，避免重复工作。
安西尔认为对下属人员采取敬而远之的态度对一个经理来说是最好的行为方式，所谓的“亲密无间”会松懈纪律。他不主张公开谴责或表扬某个员工，相信他的每一个下属人员都有自知之明。
据安西尔说，在管理中的最大问题是下级不愿意接受责任。他讲到，他的下属人员可以有机会做许多事情，但他们并不是很努力地去做。
他表示不能理解在以前他的下属人员如何能与一个毫无能力的前任经理相处，他说，他的上司对他们现在的工作运转情况非常满意。
（2）鲍 勃
鲍勃认为每个员工都有人权，他偏重于管理者有义务和责任去满足员工需要的学说，他说，他常为他的员工做一些小事，如给员工两张下月在伽里略城举行的艺术展览的入场券。他认为，每张门票才15美元，但对员工和他的妻子来说却远远超过15美元。通过这种方式，也是对员工过去几个月工作的肯定。
鲍勃说，他每天都要到工场去一趟，与至少25％的员工交谈。鲍勃不愿意为难别人，他认为艾的管理方式过于死板，艾的员工也许并不那么满意，但除了忍耐别无他法。
鲍勃说，他已经意识到在管理中有不利因素，但大都是由于生产压力造成的。他的想法是以一个友好、粗线条的管理方式对待员工。他承认尽管在生产率上不如其他单位，但他相信他的雇员有高度的忠诚与士气，并坚信他们会因他的开明领导而努力工作。
（3）查 里
查里说他面临的基本问题是与其他部门的职责分工不清。他认为不论是否属于他们的任务都安排在他的部门，似乎上级并不清楚这些工作应该谁做。
查里承认他没有提出异议，他说这样做会使其他部门的经理产生反感。他们把查里看成是朋友，而查里却不这样认为。
查里说过去在不平等的分工会议上，他感到很窘迫，但现在适应了，其他部门的领导也不以为然了。
查里认为纪律就是使每个员工不停地工作，预测各种问题的发生。他认为作为一个好的管理者，没有时间像鲍勃那样握紧每一个员工的手，告诉他们正在从事一项伟大的工作。他相信如果一个经理声称为了决定将来的提薪与晋职而对员工的工作进行考核，那么，员工则会更多地考虑他们自己，由此而产生很多问题。
他主张，一旦给一个员工分配了工作，就让他以自己的方式去做，取消工作检查。他相信大多数员工知道自己把工作做得怎么样。
如果说存在问题，那就是他的工作范围和职责在生产过程中发生的混淆。查理的确想过，希望公司领导叫他到办公室听听他对某些工作的意见。然而，他并不能保证这样做不会引起风波而使情有所改变。他说他正在考虑这些问题。
问题：
（1）你认为这三个部门经理各采取什么领导方式？这些模式都是建立在什么假设的基础上的？试预测这些模式各将产生什么结果？
（2）是否每一种领导方式在特定的环境下都有效？为什么？
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