反意疑问句相关知识

如题所述

百科名片
即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。 反意疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。 1.陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式 可记为 前肯后否 2.陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式 可记为 前否后肯

目录

反意疑问句
英语18种特殊的反意疑问句介绍
反意疑问句的回答
反意疑问句的几点特殊情况
反意疑问句
英语18种特殊的反意疑问句 介绍
反意疑问句的回答
反意疑问句的几点特殊情况
展开 编辑本段反意疑问句
当我们陈述了一个事实,而又不是很有把握,就可以在陈述句后加一个简短问句,称为反意疑问句。首先看以下例句: (1) You like classical music, don't you? 你也喜欢古典音乐,对吗? (2 ) He lived in Vienna, too,didn't he? 他也住在维也纳,对吗? (3)Your parents can swim, can't they? 你父母会游泳,是吗? (4) Tony doesn't like classical music,does he? 托尼不喜欢古典音乐,对吗? (5) This music isn't very popular, is it? 这音乐并非十分流行,对吗? 从以上句子可以看出,反意疑问句是由“助动词/ 系动词be(肯定或否定)+主语 (代词)” 构成的。 在反意疑问句的构成中要注意以下几点: 1.前面当陈述句如果是肯定的,反意疑问句就要用否定形式,如(1)、(2)、(3);前面的陈述句如果是否定的,反意疑问句就要用肯定形式,如(4)、(5); 2.反意疑问句的主语必须是代替前面主语的代词; 3.反意疑问句的谓语动词在时态和人称上要与前面陈述句谓语动词保持一致。 陈述句部分如果有标识否定意义的词,反意疑问句要用肯定式。如: They have never visited his home, have they? 他们从来没有到他家玩过,是吧? 在回答反意疑问句时,要特别注意英、汉两种语言习惯的差别。试看下面当例句: ——Mr Smith isn't American, is he? 史密斯先生不是美国人,对吧? ——Oh yes, he is.不对,他是美国人。 可以看出,在英语中,无论问题是怎样问的,只要答语的事实是肯定句,就要用YES;只要答语的事实是否定的,就要用NO.
编辑本段英语18种特殊的反意疑问句
介绍
1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句,用will you 多表示“请求”,用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如: Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板,好吗? Let引导的祈使句有两种情况: 1)Let's...,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如: Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧,好吗? 还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。 2)Let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如: Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试,行吗? 2.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时,其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如: What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊,是吧? 3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to,且这些词被用作实义动词时,其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。例如: He needs help, doesn't he?他需要帮助,是吗? 4.陈述部分主、谓语是I am...时,反意疑问句用aren't I 或am't I ,而不是am not I (可用am I not)。例如: I'm working now, am't I? 我在工作,是吗? 5.陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时,反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如: Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it? 我的收音机出毛病了,是吧? 6.陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如: Everyone is here, aren't they? 大家都到了,是吗? No one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事,对吗? 7.陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时,反意疑问句的主语用it,当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时,其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如: This is a plane, isn't it? 这是一架飞机,是吗? These are grapes,aren't they? 这些是葡萄,是吗? 8.陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时,反意疑问句的主语可以用one,也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如: One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one? 每个人都应该乐于助人,是吧? 9.当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时:few, little, seldom,hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等,其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如: He is never late for school, is he? 他上学从不迟到,是吗? 10.当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的,其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如: It is unfair, isn't it? 这不公平,是吧? 11.含有否定含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时,其反意疑问句用肯定结构,也可以用否定结构。例如: You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到,是吗? 12.当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,反意疑问句的主语应该用it。例如: What you need is more important, isn't it?你需要的东西更重要,是吧? 13.当陈述部分含I think (believe, suppose...)that... 结构时,其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致,注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如: I don't think he will come, will he? 我认为他不会来,对吗? 14.have(has)不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做谓语时,其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。例如: They had a meeting just now,didn't they? 他们刚才开了个会,是吗? 15.陈述部分有have to 时,其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如: You have to water the vegetables every day, don't you?你每天都要浇菜,对吧? 16.陈述部分是there be句型时,其反意疑问句中要用there。例如: There was a hospital here, wasn't there? 过去这儿有家医院,是吗? 17.陈述部分有had better时,反意疑问句中要用hadn't。例如: We had better go to school at once, hadn't we? 我们现在最好马上去上学,好吗? 18.当陈述部分含有情态动词must时,我们便要分析一下must的含义。如果must 作“一定;要;必须”讲,反意疑问句须用mustn't或needn't;而当must作推测意义“一定是;必定”讲时,反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选用相应的形式。例如: He must work hard at physics, mustn't he? 他必须努力学物理,是吧? Tom must be at home,isn't he? 汤姆一定在家,是吧?
反意疑问句的回答
在回答的时候, 如果是前肯后否的句子,思维和中国人相同;如果是前否后肯的句子,思维正好同中国人相反: He is a student, isn't he? (他是个学生,不是吗?) Yes, he is.(是的,他是学生) No, he isn't.(不是,他不是学生) He doesn't like playing football, does he?(他不喜欢踢球,是吗?) Yes, he does.(不是,他喜欢踢球) No, he doesn't.(是的,他不喜欢踢球) I am not a teacher, am I? (我不是一名老师,是吗?) Yes, I am.(不是, 我是一名老师。) No, I am not.(是的,我不是一名老师。) 对反意疑问句的回答,无论问题的提法如何,如果事实是肯定的,就用yes,事实是否定的,就要用no。要特别注意陈述句部分是否定结构,反意疑问句部分用肯定式提问时,回答yes或no与汉语正好相反。这种省略回答的yes要译成“不”,no要译成“是”。 例 ---He likes playing football, doesn’t he? 他喜欢踢足球,不是吗? ---Yes, he does. / No, he doesn’t. ,是 他喜欢。/ 不 他不喜欢。 ---His sister didn’t attend the meeting, did she? 他妹妹没有参加会议,是吗? ---Yes, she did. / No, she didn’t. 不,她参加了。/ 是的,她没参加 若be动词后是never//few//little,后面的动词仍用肯定形式
反意疑问句的几点特殊情况
反意疑问句的构成有以下几点特殊情况须注意: 1.当陈述句的主语是everyone, everybody, someone, somebody时,简短问句中的主语通常用they。如果陈述句的主语是非人称的复合词,如everything, something, anything, 则简短问句中相应的人称代词是单数的中性词it。例如: Somebody borrowed my coat yesterday, didn’t they?

参考资料:http://baike.baidu.com/view/201301.htm

温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考
第1个回答  2011-03-02
反意疑问句 完美回答
(一): 概念、构成、分类
1)概念:反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,它表示提问者有一定的主见,但没有把握,希望对方证实一下.
2)构成: 前一部分是对事物的陈述,后一部分是简短的提问.
3)分类:A:肯定,否定? It is a fine day, isn't it? B:否定,肯定? It isn't a fine day, is it?
反意疑问句
(二):解答步骤
1.判定(判断该用肯定还是否定) ;
2.找动(找句子的助动词: 按原形do,单三 does,过去时态did 加) ;
3.换代(将主语换为代词) ;
4.完成(写上?,注意语调前升后降) .
I have been waiting for you, haven't I? Their parents have gone to London, haven't they?
Jack wasn't playing soccer, was he? You have a good friend, don't you? We had a meeting, didn't we?
反意疑问句
(三): 特殊形式反意疑问句
特殊形式反意疑问句,除了要采取上述其中的几步外,还要注意其不规则变化.
1.特殊代词做主语
A)人称代词I作主语. 由于"am+not"无缩写形式,所以后面问句的谓语和陈述句的谓语不一致。
如: I am a worker, aren't I?
B)指示代词 this 或 that; these 或 those 作陈述句的主语, 其简短的主语分别为 it 或 they.
如:This (That) is your pen, isn't it? These (those) aren't books, are they?
C)不定代词:everyone, everybody , anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, 问句部分的主语用 they 如:Everyone studies English, don't they? Nobody is here, are they?
D)不定代词:everything , nothing , anything , something做主语时,其问句部分的主语用 it .
如:Everything is here, isn't it? Nothing is here, is it?
2.祈使句后的反意疑问句形式
A)Let's 表示说话人向对方提出建议,简短问句的主语用 we 表示,问句用shall we?
如: Let's have a cup of tea, shall we?
B)Let me 或 Let us 表示听话人提出请求,问句用 will you? 如: Let me have a rest, will you?
C)其它的祈使句后可以加一个简短问句will you?使语气变得客气一些. 如:Have a rest, will you? Don't stand up, will you?
3.主从复合句的反意疑问句形式
A)一般主从复合句,疑问部分中的动词和代词应和主句中的动词和主语保持一致.
She says her brother is a worker, doesn't she?
B)若主从复合句中主句的主语为I,谓语动词为 think, expect , believe , imagine等,问句中的主语和谓语必须和从句中的主语,谓语保持一致. 如:I don't think you can do it, can you?
I think you know the meaning of the word, don't you? We believe she can do it better, can't she?
4,含有下列情态动词时构成的反意疑问句形式
A)陈述句有had better时,问句中用 had (hadn't) . You'd better go home now, hadn't you?
B)陈述句中有must表示"必须"时,问句用needn't或mustn't. You must do your homework, mustn't you?/ needn't you? We mustn't go home, must (need) we?
C)must表示"推测"时,问句需要用其它形式. 如:She must be in the room, isn't she?
You must have been to Shanghai, haven't you?
5. 陈述句中含有否定含义的词. 如 no, nothing, nobody, little, few, never, neither, hardly, seldom等, 问句部分应用肯定形式. He never wanted to go, did he? I had few apples, did I?
There was nothing in the water, was there?
6. 陈述句部分中含有表示否定意义的前缀或后缀(如:un-, in-, im-, dis-, -less 等)的词时, 否定前缀或后缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式.
例如: They dislike English, don't they? 他们不喜欢英语,不是吗?
That's unfair, isn't it? 那件事不公平,不是吗? You are too careless, aren't you? 你太粗心了,不是吗?
7. 并列句的反意疑问句,问句的主语一般与最近的句子的主语保持一致.
如:We must study English hard, or we aren't good at English, are we?
It is late now, but he goes on doing his homework, doesn't he?
8. 感叹句的反意问句形式. 感叹句的问句中的谓语动词要用否定形式,be 动词要用一般现在时形式. 如:How slowly he runs, doesn't he? What a good worker he is, isn't he?
9. 在 there be 句型中,疑问句部分用 be (not) there. 如: There is a book on the table, isn't there
10. 陈述句部分是"I wish…"句型时,附加问句部分用 may I?
例如: I wish I were you, may I? 我希望我是你,可以吗?
I wish her to come here, may I? 我希望她到这儿来,可以吗?
四.对反意疑问句的回答: 遵循"实事求是"的原则,肯定: Yes+肯定结构;否定:No+否定结构.答案要和实际情况相符,这和汉语不一样
应特别注意.如: --You are not going out today, are you?
--No, I am not 是的,我今天不出去. --Yes, I am. 不,我今天要出去.
第2个回答  2011-03-01
即附加疑问句。它表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。 反意疑问句由两部分组成:前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个简短的疑问句,两部分的人称时态应保持一致。 1.陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式 可记为 前肯后否 2.陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式 可记为 前否后肯本回答被提问者采纳
相似回答