第1个回答 2011-03-02
反意疑问句 完美回答
(一): 概念、构成、分类
1)概念:反意疑问句又叫附加疑问句,它表示提问者有一定的主见,但没有把握,希望对方证实一下.
2)构成: 前一部分是对事物的陈述,后一部分是简短的提问.
3)分类:A:肯定,否定? It is a fine day, isn't it? B:否定,肯定? It isn't a fine day, is it?
反意疑问句
(二):解答步骤
1.判定(判断该用肯定还是否定) ;
2.找动(找句子的助动词: 按原形do,单三 does,过去时态did 加) ;
3.换代(将主语换为代词) ;
4.完成(写上?,注意语调前升后降) .
I have been waiting for you, haven't I? Their parents have gone to London, haven't they?
Jack wasn't playing soccer, was he? You have a good friend, don't you? We had a meeting, didn't we?
反意疑问句
(三): 特殊形式反意疑问句
特殊形式反意疑问句,除了要采取上述其中的几步外,还要注意其不规则变化.
1.特殊代词做主语
A)人称代词I作主语. 由于"am+not"无缩写形式,所以后面问句的谓语和陈述句的谓语不一致。
如: I am a worker, aren't I?
B)指示代词 this 或 that; these 或 those 作陈述句的主语, 其简短的主语分别为 it 或 they.
如:This (That) is your pen, isn't it? These (those) aren't books, are they?
C)不定代词:everyone, everybody , anyone, anybody, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, 问句部分的主语用 they 如:Everyone studies English, don't they? Nobody is here, are they?
D)不定代词:everything , nothing , anything , something做主语时,其问句部分的主语用 it .
如:Everything is here, isn't it? Nothing is here, is it?
2.祈使句后的反意疑问句形式
A)Let's 表示说话人向对方提出建议,简短问句的主语用 we 表示,问句用shall we?
如: Let's have a cup of tea, shall we?
B)Let me 或 Let us 表示听话人提出请求,问句用 will you? 如: Let me have a rest, will you?
C)其它的祈使句后可以加一个简短问句will you?使语气变得客气一些. 如:Have a rest, will you? Don't stand up, will you?
3.主从复合句的反意疑问句形式
A)一般主从复合句,疑问部分中的动词和代词应和主句中的动词和主语保持一致.
She says her brother is a worker, doesn't she?
B)若主从复合句中主句的主语为I,谓语动词为 think, expect , believe , imagine等,问句中的主语和谓语必须和从句中的主语,谓语保持一致. 如:I don't think you can do it, can you?
I think you know the meaning of the word, don't you? We believe she can do it better, can't she?
4,含有下列情态动词时构成的反意疑问句形式
A)陈述句有had better时,问句中用 had (hadn't) . You'd better go home now, hadn't you?
B)陈述句中有must表示"必须"时,问句用needn't或mustn't. You must do your homework, mustn't you?/ needn't you? We mustn't go home, must (need) we?
C)must表示"推测"时,问句需要用其它形式. 如:She must be in the room, isn't she?
You must have been to Shanghai, haven't you?
5. 陈述句中含有否定含义的词. 如 no, nothing, nobody, little, few, never, neither, hardly, seldom等, 问句部分应用肯定形式. He never wanted to go, did he? I had few apples, did I?
There was nothing in the water, was there?
6. 陈述句部分中含有表示否定意义的前缀或后缀(如:un-, in-, im-, dis-, -less 等)的词时, 否定前缀或后缀不能视为否定词,其反意疑问句仍用否定形式.
例如: They dislike English, don't they? 他们不喜欢英语,不是吗?
That's unfair, isn't it? 那件事不公平,不是吗? You are too careless, aren't you? 你太粗心了,不是吗?
7. 并列句的反意疑问句,问句的主语一般与最近的句子的主语保持一致.
如:We must study English hard, or we aren't good at English, are we?
It is late now, but he goes on doing his homework, doesn't he?
8. 感叹句的反意问句形式. 感叹句的问句中的谓语动词要用否定形式,be 动词要用一般现在时形式. 如:How slowly he runs, doesn't he? What a good worker he is, isn't he?
9. 在 there be 句型中,疑问句部分用 be (not) there. 如: There is a book on the table, isn't there
10. 陈述句部分是"I wish…"句型时,附加问句部分用 may I?
例如: I wish I were you, may I? 我希望我是你,可以吗?
I wish her to come here, may I? 我希望她到这儿来,可以吗?
四.对反意疑问句的回答: 遵循"实事求是"的原则,肯定: Yes+肯定结构;否定:No+否定结构.答案要和实际情况相符,这和汉语不一样
应特别注意.如: --You are not going out today, are you?
--No, I am not 是的,我今天不出去. --Yes, I am. 不,我今天要出去.