英语几个单词的区别

cost,spend,cover,pay,afford都有支付的意思

但是在句子中主语都什么区别,都用于什么地方 什么句式

请回答具体些!

spend,cost,take和pay的区别是历年中考试题的必考内容之一,虽然它们都可以表示“花费”,但用法却不尽相同。

spend的主语必须是人, 常用于以下结构:(1) spend time /money on sth. 在……上花费时间(金钱)。例:I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time / money (in) doing sth. 花费时间(金钱)做某事。例:They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。(3)spend money for sth. 花钱买……。例:His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。

cost的主语是物或某种活动, 还可以表示“值”, 常见用法如下:(1)sth. costs (sb.) +金钱,某物花了(某人)多少钱。例:A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。(2) (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +时间,某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间。例:Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。

注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。

take后面常跟双宾语, 常见用法有以下几种:(1) It takes sb. +时间+to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例:It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。(2)doing sth. takes sb. +时间,做某事花了某人多少时间。例:Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。

pay的基本用法是:(1) pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买……。例:I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。(2)pay for sth. 付……的钱。例:I have to pay for the book lost. 我不得不赔丢失的书款。(3)pay for sb. 替某人付钱。例:Don?蒺t worry!I'll pay for you. 别担心, 我会给你付钱的。(4)pay sb. 付钱给某人。 例: They pay us every month.他们每月给我们报酬。(5)pay money back 还钱。例:May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I'll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12块钱吗?下周还你。(6)pay off one's money还清钱。

spend/cost/pay/take
(1)spend的主语通常是人,往往用于以下句型:
(sb)spend some money/some time on sth.
(sb)spend some money/some time(in)doing sth.例如:
I spent fifty yuan on the coat.
= I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。
He spent three days on the work.
= He spend three days (in) doing the work. 我干这项工作用了3天。
(2)take常用于“占用、花费”时间,其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物。句式是:
It takes/took sb.some time to do sth=Sth.takes sb.some time. 例如:
It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses.
画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间。
The work will take me two days.这项工作花了2天时间。
(3) pay为“付款、赔偿”之意,主语通常是人,往往是sb. pays some money for sth或pay sb.(some money for sth) 例如:
I paid fifty yuan for the coat.我花50元买了这件大衣。
He has paid the doctor 50 pounds for the medicine? 他买药已付医生50英镑。
How much did you pay him? 你付他多少钱?
(4) cost的主语必须是某物。spend … on sth./in doing sth.的主语必须是人。pay … for 的主语也是人。It takes + sb.+ 时间(或钱)to do sth.的主语则必须是形式主语It。 动词cost的常用用法是sth.cost (sb.) some money。
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第1个回答  2011-02-11
cost必须是物做主语,而且必须是花钱:sth. cost sb. somemoney
spend:sb. spend sometime/somemoney (in) doing sth.或者sb. spend sometime/somemoney on sth.
cover表示(钱)足够付,例如:Is the money sufficient to cover the tuition?这笔钱付学费够吗?
pay:sb. pay somemoney for sth.
afford表示能够承受,常与can't 与can连用。
额现在初三,这些都倒背如流了,绝对可靠,祝你学习进步偶!
第2个回答  2011-02-11
cost主语是sth,花费钱。
spend主语是sb,指花费时间或金钱。
pay主语是sb,指花钱。
take用于句型it takes sb some time to do sth。花某人多长时间做某事,这个句型。

cover是v覆盖和n封面。
afford v负担得起,买的起,主语是sb
第3个回答  2011-02-11
1. cost : vt. 花费 sth cost sb. money 【主语通常是物】
2. spend: vt. 花费 sb spend time / money on sth. / (in) doing sth 某人花费时间、金钱做某事 【主语通常是人】
3. cover vt. 够支付,包括...(的费用) 【主语通常是钱】
4. pay : vt. 付 sb. pay sb. money for sth. (因为)某物而付某人... 钱 【主语通常是人】
5. afford vt.买得起, 担负得起 afford to do sth. 【主语通常是人】

例: The pen cost me thirty yuan. 那支钢笔花了我30元
I spent thirty yuan on the pen.
I spent thirty yuan (in ) buying the pen.
I spent a week on the novel / (in) reading the novel. 我花了一星期的时间看那本小说。
The payments he gets barely cover his expenses. 他赚的钱几乎不够他花的。
I paid him thirty yuan for the pen. 买那支钢笔我付了他30元。
She cannot afford a new dress. 她没钱买新衣裳。
She cannot afford the expense. 她花不起这笔钱。
第4个回答  2011-02-18
spend:主语是人
常用spend+时间/金钱+on/in doing sth
pay:主语是人
常用pay+金钱+for sth
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