求翻译，高手帮忙翻译成英语，好的话可以加分

Question

4.文化方面。
在学习英语过程中，学生总是倾向于用自己的文化标准来衡量别人的言行和思想，并总用自己的汉语习惯来表达自己的思想，而忽略了第二语言所包含的文化内涵。所以，中国学生学习英语时，会在某种程度上受本族文化和语言的影响和干扰，往往会不自觉地把本族的文化和语言搬到英语学习中去。汉语文化负迁移造成理解错误或使交际陷入尴尬境地的例子不胜枚举。中国人重感情，英美人重隐私，英美人见面常谈天气，因其不涉及隐私，中国人见面常谈生活细节，所以许多中国人将汉语习惯也迁移到英语中，碰到英美人士也套用“Where are you going？”“How old are you？”，自然就有冒犯他人之嫌了。
三、干扰的原因
干扰产生的原因是复杂的。从语言本身来看，不同的语言既有相似之处，又具有差异性和特殊性，这就为干扰的产生提供了可能。笔者认为：
1.汉语先入为主。
汉语的掌握是从幼儿便开始，生理发育过程和思维过程相辅相成，而外语的学习是发生在思维和汉语已经建立了直接牢固的联系后，因此“汉语是学习者习得第二语言的起点”〔4〕。所以外语学习过程不可能离开汉语思维。大多数中国学生是在基本掌握了汉语的情况下才开始学习英语的，他们在学英语之前，头脑中早已形成了大量的汉语概念，因而形成了一定的汉语思维模式和语言习惯。在学习英语的过程中，他们自然地就会把通过汉语学习而获得的语言知识运用到新的语言的学习中去，用大量的汉语知识去帮助理解和运用英语。与此同时，先入为主的汉语对外语的思维生长具有极大的“抢夺”作用和“打压”作用，这种强大的抢夺作用和打压作用足以将外语的思维活动牢牢地抑制住，使外语思维寸步难行。

Answer 1

4. Culture.
In the process of learning English, students tend to use their own cultural standards and ideas of other people's words and deeds, and always with their own habits in Chinese to express their ideas, while ignoring the second language contains cultural connotations. Therefore, Chinese students learning English, it will to some extent by the culture and language of the ethnic influence and interference, often unconsciously, to the culture and language of the family moved to English learning. Understanding of Chinese culture negative transfer errors or cause embarrassment to communication there are countless examples. Chinese people and feelings, British and American people is very private, often to meet British and American people about the weather, because it does not involve privacy, to meet Chinese people often talk about the details of life, so many Chinese people have migrated to the Chinese habit of English, Anglo-American have also applied to meet "Where are you going?" "How old are you?", will naturally be suspected of the offensive.
Third, because of interference
Interference causes are complex. From the language itself, different languages have similarities, but also has different and special, which for the generation of interference possible. I believe that:
1. Chinese preconceptions.
Chinese began to grasp that from early childhood, physical and thought processes during the development of complementary, and foreign language learning is occurring in the thinking and Chinese have established a strong link directly after, so "Chinese is the starting point for second language learners" 〔4〕. Therefore, foreign language learning process can not leave the Chinese thinking. Most Chinese students to master the Chinese language in the basic situation began to learn English, they learn English before the mind has already formed a large number of Chinese concepts, creating a certain amount of Chinese thinking and language habits. In the process of learning English, they naturally will be put through the learning of Chinese language knowledge to get the new language of learning to go, with plenty of Chinese knowledge to help understand and use English. At the same time, preconceived thoughts of Chinese on the growth of foreign languages has a great "grab" the role and "suppressing" effect, this powerful enough to seize the role and suppress the role of language in thinking activities will be firmly suppressed, the language of thinking step.
我一点一点打的哦

Answer 2

4. Cultural aspects.
In English learning process, students tend to use their own cultural standard to measure words and thoughts of others, and always with their own Chinese custom to express their ideas, and neglected the second language contain cultural connotation. Therefore, Chinese students to learn English, in some extent by ethnic culture and the influence of language and interference, often can not consciously the native culture and language moved to English study. Chinese culture negative transfer caused understand error or make communication into the embarrassing numerous examples. Chinese heavy sentiment, the Anglo-American heavy privacy, British and American people again Friday weather, because of its does not involve privacy, Chinese meet carrot, so many Chinese living detail will Chinese custom also migrated to English, encounter anglo-americans also apply mechanically "Where you going?" sucstressed "How?" copy it sucstressed , there is naturally a offend others disrelish.
Three, interference of reason
Interference are caused by complex. Judging from the language itself, different language has both similarities, also has the difference and particularity, it is interference which has provided the possibility. The author thought:
1. Chinese first impressions are most lasting.
Chinese master from cheeper began, physiological development process and the thinking process supplement each other, and foreign language learning occurs in the thinking and Chinese have established direct contact, so strong "Chinese learners of second language acquisition is the starting point of" (4). So a language learning process can't have left Chinese thinking. Most Chinese students are in grasps basically Chinese until circumstances begin learning English, they are learning English before, in the mind had formed a lot of Chinese concept, thus formed some Chinese thinking mode and language habits. In the process of learning English, they naturally would have acquired through the study of Chinese language knowledge to apply new language learning to use a lot of Chinese knowledge to help understand and use English. Meanwhile, the first Chinese of foreign language thinking growth has great "grab" function and "suppression" function, this powerful rob function and suppression effect is enough to foreign language thinking activity firmly suppress, make foreign language thinking upright.本回答被提问者和网友采纳

Answer 3

J culture.
In English learning process, students tend to use their own cultural standard to measure words and thoughts of others, and always with their own Chinese custom to express their ideas, and neglected the second language contain cultural connotation. Therefore, Chinese students to learn English, in some extent by ethnic culture and the influence of language and interference, often can not consciously the native culture and language moved to English study. Chinese culture negative transfer caused understand error or make communication into the embarrassing numerous examples. Chinese heavy sentiment, the Anglo-American heavy privacy, British and American people again Friday weather, because of its does not involve privacy, Chinese meet carrot, so many Chinese living detail will Chinese custom also migrated to English, encounter anglo-americans also apply mechanically "Where you going?" sucstressed "How?" copy it sucstressed , there is naturally a offend others disrelish.
Three, interference of reason
Interference are caused by complex. Judging from the language itself, different language has both similarities, also has the difference and particularity, it is interference which has provided the possibility. The author thought:
1. Chinese first impressions are most lasting.
Chinese master from cheeper began, physiological development process and the thinking process supplement each other, and foreign language learning occurs in the thinking and Chinese have established direct contact, so strong "Chinese learners of second language acquisition is the starting point of" (4). So a language learning process can't have left Chinese thinking. Most Chinese students are in grasps basically Chinese until circumstances begin learning English, they are learning English before, in the mind had formed a lot of Chinese concept, thus formed some Chinese thinking mode and language habits. In the process of learning English, they naturally would have acquired through the study of Chinese language knowledge to apply new language learning to use a lot of Chinese knowledge to help understand and use English. Meanwhile, the first Chinese of foreign language thinking growth has great "grab" function and "suppression" function, this powerful rob function and suppression effect is enough to foreign language thinking activity firmly suppress, make foreign language thinking upright.
加点分把

Answer 4

4. Cultural aspects.

In English learning process, students tend to use their own cultural standard to measure words and thoughts of others, and always with their own Chinese custom to express their ideas, and neglected the second language contain cultural connotation. Therefore, Chinese students to learn English, in some extent by ethnic culture and the influence of language and interference, often can not consciously the native culture and language moved to English study. Chinese culture negative transfer caused understand error or make communication into the embarrassing numerous examples. Chinese heavy sentiment, the Anglo-American heavy privacy, British and American people again Friday weather, because of its does not involve privacy, Chinese meet carrot, so many Chinese living detail will Chinese custom also migrated to English, encounter anglo-americans also apply mechanically "Where you going?" sucstressed "How?" copy it sucstressed , there is naturally a offend others disrelish.

Three, interference of reason

Interference are caused by complex. Judging from the language itself, different language has both similarities, also has the difference and particularity, it is interference which has provided the possibility. The author thought:

1. Chinese first impressions are most lasting.

Chinese master from cheeper began, physiological development process and the thinking process supplement each other, and foreign language learning occurs in the thinking and Chinese have established direct contact, so strong "Chinese learners of second language acquisition is the starting point of" (4). So a language learning process can't have left Chinese thinking. Most Chinese students are in grasps basically Chinese until circumstances begin learning English, they are learning English before, in the mind had formed a lot of Chinese concept, thus formed some Chinese thinking mode and language habits. In the process of learning English, they naturally would have acquired through the study of Chinese language knowledge to apply new language learning to use a lot of Chinese knowledge to help understand and use English. Meanwhile, the first Chinese of foreign language thinking growth has great "grab" function and "suppression" function, this powerful rob function and suppression effect is enough to foreign language thinking activity firmly suppress, make foreign language thinking upright.

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Answer 5

Cultural aspects.

In English learning process, students tend to use their own cultural standard to measure words and thoughts of others, and always with their own Chinese custom to express their ideas, and neglected the second language contain cultural connotation. Therefore, Chinese students to learn English, in some extent by ethnic culture and the influence of language and interference, often can not consciously the native culture and language moved to English study. Chinese culture negative transfer caused understand error or make communication into the embarrassing numerous examples. Chinese heavy sentiment, the Anglo-American heavy privacy, British and American people again Friday weather, because of its does not involve privacy, Chinese meet carrot, so many Chinese living detail will Chinese custom also migrated to English, encounter anglo-americans also apply mechanically "Where you going?" sucstressed "How?" copy it sucstressed , there is naturally a offend others disrelish.

Three, interference of reason interference are caused by complex. Judging from the language itself, different language has both similarities, also has the difference and particularity, it is interference which has provided the possibility. The author thought:

1. Chinese first impressions are most lasting.

Chinese master from cheeper began, physiological development process and the thinking process supplement each other, and foreign language learning occurs in the thinking and Chinese have established direct contact, so strong "Chinese learners of second language acquisition is the starting point of" (4). So a language learning process can't have left Chinese thinking. Most Chinese students are in grasps basically Chinese until circumstances begin learning English, they are learning English before, in the mind had formed a lot of Chinese concept, thus formed some Chinese thinking mode and language habits. In the process of learning English, they naturally would have acquired through the study of Chinese language knowledge to apply new language learning to use a lot of Chinese knowledge to help understand and use English. Meanwhile, the first Chinese of foreign language thinking growth has great "grab" function and "suppression" function, this powerful rob function and suppression effect is enough to foreign language thinking activity firmly suppress, make foreign language thinking upright.