这段句子里面存在哪些英语的特殊句式？

Question

The words "winner" and loser have many meanings . When we refer to a person as a winner, we do not mean one who defeats the other person by dominating and making hin loser. Instead , a winner is one who responds genuinely by being trustworthy and responsive, both as an individual and as a member of a society. A loser is one who fails to respond genuinely.
请具体指出其中的特殊句式和语法现象。语法不好，考试只能靠语感。

Answer 1

第1句很普通。
第2句较长，值得分析一下：
When引导了一个时间状语从句；
we do not mean one 主句，其中 one 用得很好，指代前面出现的 winner, 避免重复；
who defeasts...loser. who引导的定语从句在one后，作后置定语修饰 one
第3句：跟第2句类似，one后为who引导的定语从句；
both as... and as 为一个介词短语作状语，用了both...and... 说明2种情况
最后1句，有个定语从句。

句子成分分析值得去细细推敲，这是提高阅读理解正确率的基本保证。