Scansion
韵律节奏分析
"Ozymandias"
is a sonnet, written in loose iambic pentameter, but with an atypical rhyme
scheme when compared to other English-language sonnets, and without the
characteristic octave-and-sestet structure.
本诗为十四行诗，以较宽松的五音步抑扬格，但与其他英语十四行诗相较却拥有不寻常的韵律，并缺失标志性的八度六行诗的结构。
Themes
主题
Shelley began
writing his poem in 1817, soon after the announcement of the British Museum's
acquisition of a large fragment of a statue of Ramesses II from the
thirteenth-century BC, and some scholars believe that Shelley was inspired by
this. The central theme of "Ozymandias" is sarcastically contrasting
the inevitable decline of all leaders and of the empires to their used-to-be splendour.
The poem is devoted to a significant metaphor: the shattered, ruined statue in
the desert wasteland, with its arrogant, passionate face and monomaniacal
inscription (“Look on my works, ye Mighty, and despair!”). The once-great
king’s proud boast has been ironically disproved. The second quatrain shifts to
another mediating figure. Now not the traveller but the sculptor is who
depicted the pharaoh. The sculptor “well those passions read,” Shelley tells
us: he sensed, beneath the cold, commanding exterior, the tyrant’s passionate
rage to impose himself on the world, while now “nothing beside remains.”
雪莱于1817创作此诗，紧接着大英博物馆收藏公元前一千三百年前的埃及拉美西斯二世大块雕像残片的消息，据此有些学者认为本诗是雪莱受此启发而作。本诗的中心思想是讽刺性地对比帝王将相曾经的辉煌和如今的衰败。本作着力表现这么一个隐喻：破碎、荒凉的雕塑遗弃在沙漠死地，却仍然带着他那孤傲、狂热的神情和偏狂式的铭文（“功业盖世，料天神大能者无可及！”）君王曾经自傲的吹嘘被冰冷地反驳了。下一节四行诗段转到另一个意象。现在雕工而非旅行者在描绘法老。那位雕工“了解主子的心情细致入微”，但今天“空留残墟一片”。
The verb,
"to mock," used in the poem to describe the actions of the sculptor,
had two senses. The older sense, "to fashion an imitation of reality"
(as in "a mock-up"), existed for several centuries before the poem
was written. The irony was not lost to Shelley however, as by his day the
second sense, "to ridicule" (especially by mimicking) had come to the
fore. Notably, Ozymandias resembles the monstrous George III of our other Shelley
sonnet, “England in 1819”, of which the tyranny Shelley hated.
用来形容雕刻工匠的行为的动词“mock”有双重意义。旧意思“创作真实事物的模仿品（正如词语“建筑模型”一样）”在本作写成前已有数百年历史。然而，雪莱的双关语并未失效，因为在他的时代，第二种意思“以恶意模仿而嘲笑”渐出水面。
Kings and
emperors build with their pretensions to greatness, but the fate of history and
the ravages of time doom that all prominent figures and the empires they build
are impermanent and their legacies fated to decay and oblivion.
帝王们浮华至极，但历史的车轮和时间的洪流注定让那些王功帝业成为昙花一现，他们的遗迹注定要腐朽以致遗忘。
以上熔合与编译自英文维基百科和Spark Notes，并参考一下文章。
http://www.poetryfoundation.org/learning/guide/238972