英语中，one、ones、that、those常用作代词，指代前面出现过的名词以避免重复，确保句子的简洁。这些词的一些用法非常相似，下面就对它们的异同作分类说明。
一、one, ones, that, those的类似用法。
1. one用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数。例如：
（1）－Do you have
a car?
－Yes, I have one. I have a good one. （one = a car）
（2）Yesterday I
have lost my pen. I”m going to buy one after school. （one= a pen）
（3）The story he
told us was more interesting than the one we heard yesterday. （the one = the story）
2. ones用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数。例如：
（1）－Do you want
a toy?
－Yes, I want new ones very much. （ones= toys）
（2）Stone
bridges last longer than wooden ones. （ones= bridges）
（3）Teachers
like the students working hard, especially the ones who are active in thinking.
（the ones= the
students）
3. that用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数或
不可数名词。例如：
（1）The engine
of your car is better than that of mine. （that= the engine）
（2）The book you
bought yesterday costs less than that I had bought before. （that= the book）
（3）The weather
of Beijing is as good as that of Tianjin. （that= the weather）
（4）He often
tells us the news of his country and that of his country nearby. （that= the news）
4. those用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数。例如：
（1）The houses
of the rich are generally larger than those of the poor. （those= the houses）
（2）The bikes
made in China are as good as those made in USA. （those = the bikes）
二. one、ones、that、those的区别。
1. 一般来讲，one代表前面有
不定冠词的可数名词单数，that代表前面有定冠词的可数名词单数；ones代表前面无定冠词的可数名词复数（前面总带有形容词作定语，不能单独使用），those代表前面有定冠词的可数名词复数。例如：
（1）This is a
point of idiom rather than one of grammar. （one= a point）
（2）A cake made
of wheat tastes better than one made of rice. （one= a cake）
（3）I prefer the
classroom with enough light rather than that with little light. （that= the classroom）
（4）The school
where my brother is studying is larger than that where I am studying.
（that= the
school）
（5）I like
peaches but I must have some ripe ones. （ones= peaches）
（6）New pens
always write better than old ones. （ones= pens）
（7）He told me
the stories of himself and those of his sister （those= the stories）
（8）I”d rather
like the cars made in France than those made in Japan. （those= the cars）
2. one或ones的定语既可以放在其前面，也可以放在其后面；that或those的定语只能放在其后面。例如：
（1）He has got a
new storybook, but I have got several old ones.
（2）This book is
one that is needed by every one.
（3）The cost of
oil is less than that of gas.
（4）The students
who do best in examinations are not always those with the best brains.
3. 如果在one或ones前面加上定冠词the分别用来代表可数名词的单数或复数，定语又在其后，这时的the one或the ones基本上可以分别与that或those互换。例如：
（1）The singer
from Shanghai sang better in the concert than the one / that from Beijing.
（2）She likes
the car of herself, not the one/ that of her husband.
（3）The TV sets
in that shop are as good as those / the ones in the supermarket.
（4）He”d prefer
the places of interest in the countryside to those / the ones in the cities.