关系代词和关系副词有哪些?

如题所述

关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。

关系副词有:when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

which 是用在介词之后,而in是介词故只能用which .where前不能+介词,所以in which = where。

扩展资料:

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1)who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下:

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) Whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换), 例如:

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。

定语从句,又称为关系从句,顾名思义在句中有着修饰限定的作用,可修饰单一的词(名词或代词),也可修饰一个句子。其中被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词,定语从句由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导,被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词。

参考资料:定语从句_百度百科

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第1个回答  2023-09-25
关系代词与关系副词
1、关系代词
在定语从句中,能作关系代词的有which、that、who/whom。
(1)which/that指物
例:The book which/that you borrowed me yesterday is interesting. 你昨天借给我的书很有意思。
(2)who/that指人
例:He is the man who/that lives next door.他是住在隔壁的那个人。
注意:关系代词在从句中作宾语时,which/that保持不变,who变为whom。
例:We wondered whom the book was about. 我们想知道这本书是关于谁的。
2、关系副词
在定语从句中,能作关系副词的有why(表原因)、where(表地点)、when(表时间)。
例:This is the reason why I was late this morning. 这就是我今天早上迟到的原因。
This is the town where he was born.这是他出生的小镇。
Tom got married in 2000 when he was 24 years old. 2000年汤姆结婚了,当时他24岁。
不要看见前面是原因、地点、时间就用why、where、when这些关系副词,关键要看它们在从句中起名词还是副词的作用。
This is the reason ______ I was late this morning.
This is the reason ______ I told you.
第一句中,the reason用来修饰迟到这个动词,表示早上迟到的原因(I was late because…),因此它起到副词的作用,要用why。
而第二句中,the reason 是told的宾语(I told you the reason),起名词的作用,因此要用which/that。
如何判断关系代词与关系副词?
方法一:用关系代词,还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语,就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如:
(错) This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
(错) I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
(对) This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
(对) I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。
方法二:准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状),也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。
例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?
A. where B. that  C. on which  D. the one
例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.
A. where  B. that  C. on which  D. the one
答案:例1 D,例2 A
例1变为肯定句:This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.
例2变为肯定句:This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.
句1中,所缺部分为宾语,而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用,只有the one既做了主句的表语,又可做从句的宾语,可以省略关系代词,所以应选D。
句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全,从句部分为句子的状语表地点,既可用副词where,因 in the museum词组,可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中,介词on 用的不对,所以选A。本回答被网友采纳
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