主语:句子中动作的发出者。如 Tom(主语) is my brother. 谓语:句子中主语发出的动作或状态。如He works(谓语) hard. 宾语:句子中动作的承受者。如 I bought a book.(宾语) 状语:修饰句子中动词,形容词,副词或整个句子的部分。He writes carefully.(状语) he is very (状语)tall . 定语:修饰句子中名词或代词的叫定语。The beautiful (定语)girl is standing at the door. 表语:用在系动词后的部分。The book is on the desk.(表语)