when的不同词性对应的不同用法都有什么?

高中英语

1).表示突然发生某事,常可译为“正在……突然”。如:
We were having dinner when he came in. 我们正在吃饭,这时他进来了。
He was about to give up when he suddenly found the answer. 正当他要放弃时,他找到了答案。
2).表对比,常可译为“本该……而……”如:
Why are you here when you should be in school? 你为什么本该在学校而在这儿呢?
He stopped trying when he might have succeeded. 本该成功时,他却停止了努力。
3).表条件,作since, now that, if讲。译为“既然,如果”。如:
How can we explain it to you when (if) you won’t listen? 如果你不听,我们又怎能向你解释呢?
How could you do it, when (now that) you knew it might kill him? 既然你知道这能使他丧生,为什么你还要做呢?
4).有时用来表示“……然后”(这时前面多加逗号)。如:
The dog growled till his master spoke, when he gave a joyful bark.主人说话前这只狗一直狺狺叫,之后它又欢快地叫起来了。
5).表很快发生的事,常可译作“还没/刚刚……就……”。如:
I had not been reading for half an hour when I heard steps outside. 我还没读半小时就听见外面有脚步声。
I had hardly opened the door when he hit me. 我还没来得及开门他就打我。
6).用来代替whenever, 表示“在任何……时候”。如:
Come when you please. 想来就来。
7).用作名词,表示“发生的时间”。如:
I can’t remember the when and the why of it. 我记不清这件事的时间和原因。
I don’t know the when or the where of the accident. 我不知道这次事故的时间和地点。
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