定语从句what和which的区别是什么？

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

1)，what是不引导定语从句的，which可以。
2)，what引导名词性从句，可表示两种含义：
（1）它保留了原有的质问单义，即“什么”，如：Do you konw what that is?
（2），它表示“。。。东西”，“。。。事情”，相当于the thing which（这里which是引导定语从句），例如：
What(=The thing which) we need is a Chinese-English dictionary.
3）which引导名词性从句时，一般后面跟名词，作名词的定语，表示“哪一个，哪一些”，有范围中选择的意味。
Which plan is better is clear now. (Which引导主语从句，作定语)
如上例中which换成what，则表示的意思由“哪一个计划”，变成了“什么样的计划”，请体会其中不同。

Answer 2

what不可以用在定语从句中，定语从句中关系代词用that和which，两者用法上的区别主要为：
1.that可以指人，也可以指物；which只能指物
2.当先行词是不定代词all, something, anything, everything, none, the one等时，只能用that
如： Is there anything that I can do for you?
3.先行词前有形容词的最高修饰时，要用that
如： This is the best film that I have ever seen for years.
4.先行词前有序数词修饰时，要用that
如： This is the fifth book that I have ever written.
5.先行词前有形容词only, very, few, little等修饰时，要用that
如： She was the only person that was invited to the palace.
6.先行词既指人，又指物时，只能用that
7.在非限制性定语从句中，只能用which
如： She made great progress and won a prize, which gave us a surprise.
8.在介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中，必须用which
如： This is the knife with which John hurt somebody.
9.当先行词本身是that的时候，要用which
如： The predicate is that which is said of the subject.

Answer 3

1．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时可省略。
The factory which makes computers is far away from here.
This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.
2．That 既可以指人也可以指物. 从句中作主语或宾语，宾语可省略。
The number of people that / who come to visit this city is one million.
Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia.