have been 和had been 什么区别

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

have
been
是现在完成时
1、have
been可以认为是现在完成进行时的标志.结构have
been
doing.
一般来说现在完成进行时有两种用法.一表示过去的动作延续到现在,并有可能延续下去:
He
has
been
working
out
all
day.他整天在锻炼.(暗示有可能继续锻炼.)
二是现在完成进行时有时富有情感色彩.这是现在完成时所没有的功能:
He
has
been
always
talking
with
his
girlfriend.
他总在跟女友唠叨.(有情感色彩)
He
has
always
talked
with
his
girlfriend.
他总跟女友聊天.(没有感情色彩)
2、have
been可以认为是现在完成时的主动形式和被动形式,如:
He
has
gone
to
work.
他已去上班了.(主动)
He
has
been
arrested.他被逮捕了.(被动)
had
been
是过去完成时
即过去完成过什么动作
做过这件事
i
had
been
a
good
student
我过去曾经是一个好学生
had
been也可用在虚拟语气中
表示假设
比如说
if
i
could
go
to
school,
i
had
been
a
good
student

Answer 2

have
been
是现在完成时
I
have
seen
this
film.
（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）
had
been是过去完成时
表示过去某一时刻以前已经完成的动作，常由by，
before等。主要是宾语或定语从句中常见。状语从句也会用到
1）by
the
end
of
last
year,
i
had
worked
in
this
college
for
ten
years.去年年底是过去时间，而在大学工作十年是在去年年底之前，故用过去完成)
been是be的过去分词
did是do的过去式