英语的宾语从句不明白

不太知道时态怎么变

宾语从句就是一个句子在复合句中作动词或介词的宾语,在主句与从句之间有一个引导词,其结构为“主语+谓语动词+引导词+主语+谓语+其 它”。
主句 宾语从句
焦点一:宾语从句的引导词
1. 宾语从句具有陈述意义时用that引导。that无具体意思,不作任何成分,因此在口语或非正式文体中常常被省略。如:
She said (that) she would leave the book on his desk. 她说她会把那本书放在他的桌子上。
● 从句的主语是that时,that不能省略;主从句之间有插入语时,that不能省略;若出现两个或两个以上的that宾语从句,且由并列连词连 接时,只有第一个连词that可以省去,其余保留。如:
It says here, on this card, that it was used in plays.卡片上写着,它过去是演戏用的。
He thought that that was a washing machine. 他认为那是一台洗衣机。
My aunt said (that) she would come and that she would also bring her daughter. 我姑姑说她要来,还要带她的女儿来。
2. 当宾语从句由一般疑问句变化而来时,用if或whether来引导从句,意为“是否”。如:
Alice wanted to know if / whether her grandmother liked the bag. 艾丽斯想知道她祖母是否喜欢这个包。
在下列几种情况下,只能用whether, 不能用if:
● 当or not 紧随连词之后时。如:
I don't know whether or not he will come on time. 我不知道他能否按时来。
● 从句用作介词宾语时。如:
I am interested in whether he joined the army. 我对他是否入伍很感兴趣。
● 在带to的动词不定式前。如:
She doesn't know whether to go to the cinema or to watch TV at home. 她不知道是去看电影还是在家看电视。
● 当宾语从句移至句首表强调时。如:
Whether this is true or not, I'm not sure. 这是否真实,我不敢肯定。
3. 宾语从句具有特殊疑问含义时用连接代(副)词引导,它们在宾语从句中充当一定成分,因此不能省略。如:
Did you hear what he said? 你听见他说的话了吗?(作宾语)
I don't know whose that is. 我不知道那是谁的。(作表语)
Could you tell me how I get to the post office? 你能告诉我到邮局怎么走吗?(作状语)
焦点二:宾语从句的语序
无论宾语从句的主句是陈述句还是疑问句,也无论主从句间是什么引导词,宾语从句一律用陈述语序,即“引导词+主语+谓语+其它”。如:
Could you tell me? / Where does Wei Fang live?
→Could you tell me where Wei Fang lives?
● 当疑问代词who, what等在从句中作主语时,语序本来就是陈述语序,故语序不再变化。如:
Who will give us a talk? Please tell us.
→Please tell us who will give us a talk.
焦点三:宾语从句的时态
● 如果主句是祈使句或主句中的谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时,则宾语从句可根据句意的需要而选用任何一种时态;若主句是一般过去时 ,宾语从句用表示过去的某种时态。
He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。
My father said that he was mending his bike. 我父亲说他正在修理自行车。
● 如果宾语从句表示客观真理、科学原理、自然现象、现阶段存在的客观事实、现在经常性或习惯性的动作、谚语、格言等,不论主句用何 种时态,从句一律用一般现在时。如:
The teacher told us that light travels much faster than sound. 老师告诉我们光比声音传播快。
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第1个回答  2014-03-14
第一单元就是简单的宾从 老师叫我们就用that OK了 时态要退一个时态 例如 现在变过去 过去边过去完成
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