苯酚与氢氧化钠反应生成苯酚钠,故A为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/55e736d12f2eb938b3ab1741d6628535e4dd6fba?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,由转化关系可知B为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/b8389b504fc2d562aecebd5ee41190ef77c66cba?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,由(2)中C的分子式为C
5H
12O,C能与金属Na反应,属于饱和一元醇,C的一氯代物有2种,分子中有2种H原子,故C的结构简式是
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/1c950a7b02087bf4cde23b5af1d3572c11dfcf73?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,B与C发生酯化反应生成M,则M为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/f3d3572c11dfa9ec47203aa461d0f703918fc173?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
.苯酚与丙酮反应生成D,D的分子式为C
15H
16O
2,再结合N的结构可知D为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/562c11dfa9ec8a13ad143b53f403918fa0ecc073?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,由结构简式可知,D与碳酸甲酯发生缩聚反应脱去CH
3OH生成N,
(1)苯酚俗称石炭酸,由上述分析可知,B为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/b8389b504fc2d562aecebd5ee41190ef77c66cba?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,含有羧基、醛基,苯酚与浓溴水反应方程式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/728da9773912b31b76e0b8d08518367adbb4e1bf?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:石炭酸;羧基、醛基;
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/728da9773912b31b76e0b8d08518367adbb4e1bf?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
(2)A与CO
2在一定条件下反应的化学方程式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/962bd40735fae6cddb4dde980cb30f2443a70f49?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
B与C反应的化学方程式是:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/8718367adab44aede2b7cb1db01c8701a08bfb4a?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/962bd40735fae6cddb4dde980cb30f2443a70f49?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/8718367adab44aede2b7cb1db01c8701a08bfb4a?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
(3)生成N的反应方程式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/bd3eb13533fa828bcbace81afe1f4134960a5abf?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,属于缩聚反应,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/bd3eb13533fa828bcbace81afe1f4134960a5abf?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;缩聚反应;
(4)中以苯酚为基础原料也可以合成防腐剂F.经质谱分析F的相对分子质量为152,其中氧元素的质量分数为31%,则分子中氧原子数目为
=3,而F完全燃烧只生成CO
2和H
2O,则只含有C、H、O三种元素,去掉3个氧原子剩余式量为152-48=104,分子中最大碳原子数目为
=8…8,故F的分子式为C
8H
8O
3,
故答案为:C
8H
8O
3;
(5)若芳香族化合物F能与NaHCO
3溶液反应,且不能发生水解反应,故苯环侧链含有-COOH,F的核磁共振氢谱显示其分子中含有4种氢原子,分子结构中不存在“-O-O-”的连接方式,故另外侧链为为-OCH
3,且两个侧链处于对位,则F的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/dc54564e9258d109f925c401d258ccbf6d814dba?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/dc54564e9258d109f925c401d258ccbf6d814dba?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
(6)邻二甲苯被酸性酸性高锰酸钾氧化得到E,甲基被氧化为-COO,故E为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/d53f8794a4c27d1e5da94e3d18d5ad6edcc438bf?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,E的分子式为C
8H
8O
4,E的同分异构体符合条件:分子中有苯环,能发生银镜反应,含有醛基或甲酸形成的酯基,能与NaHCO
3溶液反应,含有羧基,无
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/8644ebf81a4c510fd33d97e36359252dd52aa549?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
结构,侧链可以为-COOH、-OOCH,有邻、间、对三种位置,侧链可以为-COOH、-OH、-CHO,-COOH、-OH有邻、间、对三种位置,当-COOH、-OH处于邻位,-CHO有4种位置,当-COOH、-OH处于间位,-CHO有4种位置,当-COOH、-OH处于对位,-CHO有2种位置,故符合条件的同分异构体有:3+4+4+2=13种,
上述同分异构体中,有一类有机物分子中苯环上只有2个取代基,为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/9825bc315c6034a8071acd78c81349540823764a?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
等,与足量NaOH溶液共热反应的化学方程式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/8ad4b31c8701a18b566467b69d2f07082938feb8?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:C
8H
8O
4;13;
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/8ad4b31c8701a18b566467b69d2f07082938feb8?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
.