怎样从单词直接看出词性

如题所述

判断一个英语单词的词性可以通过其后缀判断,具体后缀种类如下:

1.名诃后缀

(1)-or/er/ess/crat/cis:做某件事情或职业的人或物: worker, debtor

(2)-acy,表示“性质,状态,境遇”democracy, accuracy, diplomacy

(3)-ance, -ence表示“性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度”importance, diligence,difference, obedience

(4)-ancy, -ency,表示“性质,状态,行为,过程”frequency, urgency, efficiency,

(5)-bility,表示“劝作,性质,状态”possibility, flexibility, feasibility,

(6)-dom,表示“等级,领域,状态”freedom, kingdom, wisdom

(7)-hood,表示“资格,身份,年纪,状态”childhood, manhood, falschood

(8)-ion, -sion,-tion, -ation, -ition表示”行为的过程,结果,状况“ action,solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction

(9)-ism,表示“制度,主义,学说,信仰,行为“ socialism, criticism, colloquialism,heroism

(10)-ity,表示“性质,状态,程度”purity, reality, ability, calamity

(11)-ment,表示“行为,状态,过程,手段及其结果treatment, movement,judgment, punishment, argument

(12)-ness,表示“性质,状态,程度”goodness, kindness, tiredness, fricndliness

(13)-ship,表示”情况,性质,技巧,技能及身份,职业”hardship, membership,friendship

(14)-th,表示“动作,性质,过程,状态”depth, wealth, truth, length, growth

(15)-tude,表示“性质,状态,程度“ latitude,altitudo海拔)

(16)-ure,表示“行为,结果”exposure, pressure, failure, procedur研续),

(17)-grapy,表示....学写法”biograpby, calligraphy, geography

(18)-iC, ics, 表示.....学....法“ logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics

(19)-ology,表示........论”biology, zoology, technology艺学)

2.形容诃后缀

(1)带有“属性,倾向,相关”的含义-able, -ible, visible, flexible

(2)名词-ish, foolish, bookish, selfis注意 accomplish, vanish)

(3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive

(4)-like, manlike, childlike

(5)名词-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly

(6)-some, troublesome, handsome

(7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful

(8)-ous, dangerous, gencrous, courageous, various

(9)-ent, violent

(10)-most, foremost, topmost

(11)less,表示否定,countless, stainless, wireless

3.动词后缀

(1)-ize, ise, 表示“做成,变成,....化. “modernize, mechanize, democratize,

organize

(2)-en,表示“使成为,引起,使有”quicken, weaken, soften, harden

(3)-fy,表示......化,使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify

(4)-ish,表示“使,”令 ”fidish, abolish, diminish, establish

(5)-ate,表示“成为....处理,作用”separate, operate, indicate

4.副诃后缀

(形容词)-ly: bad-badly坏地恶劣地,careful-carefully小心地

-wise; clock-clockwise顺时针方向的(地);like -likewise同样地

-wards: ou-outwards向外面地

扩展资料:

英语词性分类

1、名词,表示事物的名称 noun

2、动词,表示动作 verb

3、形容词,修饰名词【定语】或作表语,表状态 adjective

4、副词,修饰动词 adverb

5、代词,指代 pronoun

6、冠词 article

7、介词 preposition

8、连词 conjunction

9、感叹词 interjection

10、数词 numeral

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第1个回答  推荐于2018-02-11
从后缀可以判断一些单词词性,
-al
形容词:personal,parental,natural名词:ref美国l,proposal,approval,denial,survival,trial
-tive
形容词:active,passive,positive,negative
名词:detective,representative代表、代表的,relative亲戚,相关的native,captive
例句:Success is arelative term,it brings so many relatives.--by Bernard Shaw
-ant
形容词:ignorant,assistant,attendant服务员
buoyant--buoy(浮标,救生圈)+ant--有浮力的,轻快的
名词:examinant主考官,applicant申请者,servant,participant
-ent
形容词:existent,dependent,emergent
名词:resident,patient,solvent溶剂,detergent洗洁精,去污剂
-ic
形容词:periodic,cubic,magnetic磁性的,electronic
名词:critic评论者、批评家,mechanic技工、机械师,logic逻辑,rhetoric修辞学
-ine
形容词:feminine女性的、阴柔的,nervine神经的,reverine河道的
名词:heroine,doctrine教义,routine程序、通例,concubine妾、姘妇
Doncubine--con+cub(cube立方,cubby小房间)+ine
-ar
形容词:familiar,similar,linear线性的,peculiar独特的
名词:scholar学者,liar说谎者,peddler小贩子,burglar夜贼hamburger到KFD偷汉堡的人
-ory/-ary
形容词:advisory忠告的,contradictory矛盾的,imaginary,elementary
名词:
inventory仓储目次(invent找到,发明――仓储目次就是让你找到需要的存货)
dormitory---dorm+itory--睡觉之处词根dormant休眠的,休眠火山dormant volcano,潜伏期dormant period;domicile住宅,居处;dormitive安眠药
-atory场所
Observatory天文观测台
Laboratory实验室
Lavatory盥洗室lav-流动lava岩浆lavish a.很是丰富的,华侈的v.lavish on华侈…
dictionary,piscary=fishery捕鱼场p-f交换
-ile
形容词
agile---ag(act)+ile---可以动的--引申为灵活的
ductile---duct引导+ile易延展的
introduce介绍,引入。conduct完全引导―― 1)指导,管理;2)行为
fertile肥沃的
辨析:conference,reference,deference,inference juvenile--juven(junior)+ile年轻的
fragile---frag(fracture)+ile---易碎的
flexile---flex(flic折叠)--可弯曲的,引申为可变通的
servile---奴性的
名词
Missile---miss发送+ile物体--导弹
Textile---text(编织)+ile--纺织品
Dontext--把文字编织在一起---上下文语境
Pretext(笔)--提早编织好---借口=excuse(口)
Butomobile Domicile--dom(dormitory)--住宅,居处
同时具有形容词与动词含义的后缀-ish 1)具有.性子的(凡是为贬义)bookish书呆子气的辨析:childish,childly,childlike manish,manly,manlike 2)稍微的coldish,yellowish偏黄的
3)语言English,Finish,Spanish 4)动词establish,diminish使缩小,vanish消散,flourish使繁荣,使兴旺
具有三种辞性的后缀
-ly同时具有副词,名词与形容词与含义
副词:namely,similarly,badly紧张的、很坏的80%
形容词:weekly,friendly,homely,costly 10%
名词:weekly周刊,monthly月刊,quarterly季刊10%
-ate的辞性:
大多数人以为,ate结尾的单词必然是动词,其实还有很多-ate结尾的单词还可能是形容词,名词。根据计数,她们的分布大约是:
1)动词70%
accelerate加速,differentiate区分,originate发源
2)形容词15%
moderate,fortunate,private,considerate,passionate 3)名词15%
graduate(grade+uate--一级一级的攀缘--大学本科结业生)
certificate--cert(certain必定,确定)+ificate---必定你的成就--证书e.g.生人证明
副词一般是英语的副词很多,能写过来吗,查词典吧。
但我可以告诉你副词的种类:1) 时间副词:常见的有now, then, soon, ago, recently, lately, later, before, early, today, tomorrow, yesterday, tonight, suddenly, immediately, still, already, just等.

(2) 地点副词:常见的有here, there, up, down, away, nearby, home, ahead, abroad, indoors, overseas, upstairs, downstairs等。

(3) 方式副词:表示行为方式的副词大多以-ly结尾,常见的有quietly, heavily, warmly, carefully, happily, politely, angrily等。

(4) 频度副词:常见的有always, usually, often, frequently, constantly, occasionally, sometimes, seldom, hardly, rarely, never等。

(5) 程度副词:常见的有fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, almost, nearly, half, highly, deeply, partly, perfectly, really等。

(6) 连接副词:这类副词有相当于并列连词的therefore, besides, otherwise, however, moreover, furthermore, still, thus, meanwhile等,

(7) 关系副词:就是引导定语从句的when, where, why等。

(8) 疑问副词:就是用于引出特殊疑问句的when, where, why, how等。本回答被网友采纳
第2个回答  2020-10-21

第1课-ight单词

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