who可以引导主语从句吗？

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

在英语语法中，“who”是一个关系代词，主要用于引导定语从句（Attributive Clauses）来修饰或描述先行词，这个先行词通常是一个人。具体来说，“who”可以引导以下几种类型的从句：

限制性定语从句：
当“who”引导的从句对先行词有必要的限定作用，即没有这个从句，我们就不清楚先行词到底是谁时，这样的从句被称为限制性定语从句。例如：

The man who is wearing the red hat is my uncle. （戴着红帽子的那个男人是我的叔叔。）

非限制性定语从句：
当“who”引导的从句提供了额外的信息，但去掉它并不影响主句的意思完整性时，这样的从句被称为非限制性定语从句，通常用逗号与主句隔开。例如：

My uncle, who is wearing the red hat, looks very stylish today. （我的叔叔今天看起来很时髦，他正戴着红帽子。）

主语从句：
虽然“who”主要用作定语从句的关系代词，但它也可以用来引导主语从句，不过这种情况较为少见。例如：

Who is coming to the party tonight is still a mystery. （谁会来参加今晚的派对仍然是个谜。）

宾语从句：
类似地，“who”也可以引导宾语从句，作为动词或介词的宾语。例如：

I don’t know who broke the window. （我不知道是谁打破了窗户。）

Answer 2

　　Who, that引导定语从句

　　I. 在下列情况下多用或须用who

　　1. 关系代词在从句中作主语时，多用who, 如：

　　A friend who helps you in time of need is a real friend.

　　The men who were pretending to weave asked him to come closer.

　　2. 先行词为those和people时多用who,如：

　　Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the
cloth.

　　People who can see sometimes act just as foolishly.

　　3. 先行词为all, anyone, one, ones指人时多用who,如：

　　All who heard the news were amazed.

　　Anyone who refused to bow was thrown into prison.

　　One who doesn’t work hard will never be happy.

　　4. 在以there be开头的句子中多用who,如：

　　There is a stranger who wants to see you.

　　5. 在非限制性定语从句中须用who,如：

　　Tom, who was killed last week, was born in England.

　　6. 一个句子带有两个定语从句，其中的一个从句的关系代词是who, 另一个是that. 如：

　　The students who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is very
modest and studies very hard.

　　但如先行词后接两个以上的并列的定语从句，后一个定语从句须重复前一个关系代词，以免产生误解。如:

　　There is a teacher who presents the material in the most interesting way
and who enjoys what he teaches.

　　I. 在下列情况下多用that

　　1. 若先行词前有序数词，形容词最高级，the last, same或only修饰时多用that,如：

　　The first person (that) I visited there was Mr Green.

　　He is the last man (that) I want to see.

　　He is the finest comrade (that) I have ever worked with.

　　2. 当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时，定语从句须用that, 以免与先行词重复。如：

　　Who that has common sense will do such a thing?

　　Which one of us that knows something about physics does not know this?

　　Who is the person that is standing at the gate?

　　3. 若先行词兼指人与物时须用that,如：

　　He talked about the teacher and schools that he had visited.

　　4. 若关系代词在从句中作表语须用that,如：

　　He is not the man that he used to be.