(1)浓硫酸增重10.8克为生成水的质量,其物质的量=
=0.6mol,n(H)=1.2mol,
碱石灰增重22克为生成二氧化碳的质量,其物质的量=
=0.5mol,n(C)=0.5mol,
根据氧原子守恒可知n(O)=0.6mol+0.5mol×2-0.75mol×2=0.1mol,
故有机物A中C、H、O原子个数之比为0.5mol:1.2mol:0.1mol=5:12:1,
故答案为:5:12:1;
(2)该物质中各元素的原子个数比为N(C):N(H):N(O)=5:12:1,则最简式为C
5H
12O,其相对分子质量为88,则有机物的分子式为C
5H
12O,
答:有机物的分子式为C
5H
12O;
(3)有机物的分子式为C
5H
12O,0.1molA和足量的金属钠反应放出气体1.12L(标准状况下),氢气的物质的量为0.05mol,则A分子中含有1个-OH,有机物A的核磁共振氢谱有5种信号峰,说明A分子中有5种不同的H原子,红外光谱图分析A中含有3个甲基,则A的结结构简式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/503d269759ee3d6d3a69707a40166d224e4aded0?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/503d269759ee3d6d3a69707a40166d224e4aded0?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
(4)A的结结构简式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/503d269759ee3d6d3a69707a40166d224e4aded0?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,在浓硫酸作用下加热可发生分子内脱水,产物中有一种在核磁共振氢原子光谱中显示出三种不同位置的氢原子,则该种产物的结构为CH
3-CH=C(CH
3)
2,反应方程式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/09fa513d269759ee53c4977ab1fb43166c22dfef?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/09fa513d269759ee53c4977ab1fb43166c22dfef?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
(5)A的结结构简式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/503d269759ee3d6d3a69707a40166d224e4aded0?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,催化氧化生成B为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/0b46f21fbe096b6377b6a9e10f338744eaf8acd0?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,该反应方程式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/f7246b600c3387446e6ad8cd520fd9f9d62aa0d0?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
A.B为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/0b46f21fbe096b6377b6a9e10f338744eaf8acd0?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,分子式为C
5H
10O,故A正确;
B.B含有羰基,不能被催化氧化,故B错误;
C.B含有羰基,可以与氢气发生加成反应,故C正确;
D.0.1molB在足量氧气中完全燃烧消耗氧气为0.1mol×(5+
-
)=0.7mol,故D正确,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/f7246b600c3387446e6ad8cd520fd9f9d62aa0d0?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;B.