have been在句中的翻译

Question

Three of the features of Erikson's refinement have been his proposals regarding the following：
1.The development of the healthy personality,in contrast to Freud's emphasis on the growth and cure of neurotic behavior

我只把三个特征中的一个打上去了。这个have been怎么翻译呢？谢谢！
可是第一句话怎么翻译呢？

Answer 1

have been
去过那里，已经回来了
已经是
最佳答案

Answer 2

Three of the features of Erikson's refinement have been his proposals regarding the following：
1.The development of the healthy personality,in contrast to Freud's emphasis on the growth and cure of neurotic behavior

Answer 3

字面上的的解释：
已经去过／到（地方）

Answer 4

已经是