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皮影戏 - 历史发展
起源
皮影戏是中国出现最早的戏曲剧种之一。历史悠久,关于它最早起源于何时民间有不少说法。山西晋中一带的皮影艺人,供奉黄龙真人为祖师爷。据传早在殷商时代,黄龙真人与他的外甥剪兽皮成人形在窗前自娱,后人据此剪成纸窗影人,随之才有后来的纸窗影戏。而在陕西的皮影中,流传着这样一句话:“皮影戏始于汉,兴于唐,盛于宋”,并认为皮影发源于陕西。但这些民间传说并没有充分的证据。
唐,五代时已有类似影戏的雏形出现,为僧人俗讲之“变文”。“变文”是俗讲之底本,是僧人用说唱的形式演绎佛经故事。讲时有图像,犹如一幅幅连环画,这种佛经画被称为“经变相”。讲解这些图画的文字,有韵文有散文,有吟有诵,可歌可唱。这是唐代向一般民众普及佛教的文艺形式,此与皮影戏艺人传说关于影戏始于宗教相近似。道教也有类似宣传教义的说唱形式,名曰“道情”,它源于唐代的“道曲”。然而,“变文”、“俗讲”、“道情”虽有图画,尚非真正的影戏,其后“生心作意改图像为纸人,又后改为皮人”,便有了皮影戏的雏形。

Shadow play - historical development
The origin of
Shadow play is one of the Chinese operas flourishing in China at the earliest. Has a long history about when it was originally the folk have many claims. Shanxi jinzhong area of shadow play, artist, huanglong reality for ancestors. Is early in the era of shells, huanglong cut hide into reality and his nephew at the window to amuse themselves, later generations cut paper window accordingly filmmaker, then just have window movie later in the paper. Doing the rounds in shaanxi shadow play, is a word: "shadow play began in the han, xing in the tang dynasty, sheng in the song dynasty", and argues that shadow play from shaanxi. But these have not sufficient evidence to folklore.
During tang and five dynasties has appeared similar to the prototype of the concept, monks SuJiang "bianwen". "Bianwen" is SuJiang dibon, monk buddhist stories in the form of rap. Speak with images, like elegantly comic, this buddhist painting is known as "the disguised." Explain the text of the pictures have rhyme prose, has Yin, I can sing. This is to the general public about literary form of Buddhism in the tang dynasty, with the shadow puppet theater artists legend about the movie begins with religious phase approximation. Taoist teachings have similar propaganda form of rap, called "description", it comes from the tang dynasty in the "dao". However, "bianwen", "SuJiang", "description" although have pictures, it is not the real concept, followed by "heart make change image for the paper men born, after changed to leather", there is the prototype of the shadow puppet theater.
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第1个回答  2013-03-24
Shadow play - History
Origin
Chinese shadow play is the earliest one of the Chinese operas. Has a long history, it originated in the folk have a lot of saying when. Shanxi Jinzhong in the vicinity of the shadow artist, Huanglong man for the zushi ye worship. Rumored as early as in the Shang Dynasty, Huanglong man and his nephew, cut into the figure of a man at the window for skins, later then cut paper window film, then have the paper window film later. While in Shaanxi the shadow, there is a saying: "shadow play began in the Han, originated in the Tang Dynasty, flourished in the song", and that the shadow rises in Shaanxi. But these folk tales and no sufficient evidence.
Tang, prototype have similar movies of five generation, Bianwen for monks vulgar talk "". "Narrative" is the original vulgar talk, the monk deduction of Buddhist stories with rap form. Speak with the image, like a comic strips, this sutra paintings are called "disguised". To explain these pictures of the text, a verse prose, there is Yin has song, can sing. This is a Tang Dynasty to the general public popularity of Buddhism art form, the shadow play artists and legends about the film began with the religious phase approximation. Taoism has a similar publicity doctrine of rap form, fine-sounding name "Daoqing", which originated in the Tang Dynasty "Tao qu". However, "Bian Wen", "vulgar", "Qing" although there are pictures, not real film, followed by "heart meaning change image for the paper, and after the change in skin", will have the embryonic form of shadow play.本回答被提问者采纳
第2个回答  2013-03-24
Shadow play - historical development
The origin of
Shadow play is one of the Chinese operas flourishing in China at the earliest. Has a long history about when it was originally the folk have many claims. Shanxi jinzhong area of shadow play, artist, huanglong reality for ancestors. Is early in the era of shells, huanglong cut hide into reality and his nephew at the window to amuse themselves, later generations cut paper window accordingly filmmaker, then just have window movie later in the paper. Doing the rounds in shaanxi shadow play, is a word: "shadow play began in the han, xing in the tang dynasty, sheng in the song dynasty", and argues that shadow play from shaanxi. But these have not sufficient evidence to folklore.
During tang and five dynasties has appeared similar to the prototype of the concept, monks SuJiang "bianwen". "Bianwen" is SuJiang dibon, monk buddhist stories in the form of rap. Speak with images, like elegantly comic, this buddhist painting is known as "the disguised." Explain the text of the pictures have rhyme prose, has Yin, deeply
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