你好,同学
这句话也不是虚拟语气呀,就是一个真实条件状语从句
翻译:如果你想得到一份报酬,你必须要做好你的分内工作。
解析:if引导的条件状语从句可以分为两类:真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition)和虚拟条件句。凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句;当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。如:
If I have time, I will help you with this work.
如果我有时间, 我会帮助你做的。
If time permits, we'll go fishing together.
如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼。
If I were you , I would have attended the meeting.
我要是你的话,就去参加会议了。
If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.
假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。
下面我们一起看看if在条件状语从句中的虚拟语气。
1. 表示与现在事实相反的情况。其句子结构为:从句:if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + ……主句:主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ ……
If I were you, I would read it again.
如果我是你的话,我再读一遍。(事实上我不是你)
If he hurried, he could catch the first bus.
他要是快点能够赶上头班公共汽车。(可他不急)
If she knew English, she would not ask me for help.
如果她懂英文,她就不必要我帮了。
2. 表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。其句子结构为:从句:If + 主语+ had +过去完成式动词+ ……主句:主语+ would (should, could, might) + have +过去完成式动词+……
If you had taken my advice, you would not have made such a mistake.
如果你听了我的劝告,就不会犯这样的错误。(事实上你没有听我的劝告)
If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.
如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。
If I hadn’t been ill yesterday, I might have come to school.
昨天要是不生病,我是可能来上学的。(事实上我生病了)
If you had studied harder last term, you could have passed the exam.
如果你在上个学期用功一些,你就会在考试中过关了。
3. 表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句 (对将来的事实实现的可能性不大)。其句子结构为:从句:If + 主语+ should (或were) + 动词原形+……主句:主语+ would (could, should, might) + 动词原形+……
If it should rain tomorrow, I would stay at home.
如果明天下雨的话,我将待在家里。(根据天气情况,明天不可能下雨)
If he came tomorrow, I would do it with him.
如果明天他来的话,我将和他一起做此事。(事实上他来的可能性很小)
If he were here, I would give him the books.
如果他在这儿,我可能会把书给他。
希望能帮到你,祝更上一层楼O(∩_∩)O
有不明白的请继续追问,可以详谈嘛(*^__^*)
追问If he came tomorrow, I would do it with him. 为什么用came而不是原型come?
If I were you, I would read it again.
If he were here, I would give him the books.
这两句是不是要根据语义来判断是与现在事实相反、还是与将来事实相反?
追答是的,你写的这几个句子都是虚拟语气,第一句是与将来事实相反的假设,第二句和第三句是与现在事实相反
追问If he come tomorrow, I would do it with him.这样对吗?
追答如果表示虚拟,与将来事实相反的假设,应该写成
If he came tomorrow, I would do it with him.
如果表示真实条件句,则用主将从现
If he comes tomorrow, I will do it with him.