①设该有机物分子式为C
xH
yO
z,依题意可得:
x+y+z=10 (原子个数)
6x+y+8z=32 (电子个数)
x+
-
=4 (耗氧量)
解得:x=3 y=6 z=1
即有机物的化学式为C
3H
6O
答:该有机物的分子式C
3H
6O.
②有机物可使溴水褪色,与足量钠反应产生H
2,则分子内含有碳碳双键和-OH,又核磁共振氢谱有4个吸收峰,且面积之比为1:1:2:2,其结构简式为:CH
2=CHCH
2OH,
加聚反应方程式为:nCH
2=CHCH
2OH
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/dcc451da81cb39db5e50bde7d3160924aa1830eb?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
与钠反应方程式为:2CH
2=CHCH
2OH+2Na→2CH
2=CHCH
2ONa+H
2↑,
答:加聚反应方程式为:nCH
2=CHCH
2OH
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/dcc451da81cb39db5e50bde7d3160924aa1830eb?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
与钠反应方程式为:2CH
2=CHCH
2OH+2Na→2CH
2=CHCH
2ONa+H
2↑.
③有机物能发生银镜反应,必含醛基,故有机物的结构简式为:CH
3CH
2CHO
与氢气加成反应方程式为:CH
3CH
2CHO+H
2CH
3CH
2CH
2OH,
与银氨溶液反应方程式为:CH
3CH
2CHO+2Ag(NH
3)
2OH
CH
3CH
2COONH
4+2Ag↓+3NH
3+H
2O,
答:有机物与氢气加成反应方程式为:CH
3CH
2CHO+H
2CH
3CH
2CH
2OH,
有机物与银氨溶液反应方程式为:CH
3CH
2CHO+2Ag(NH
3)
2OH
CH
3CH
2COONH
4+2Ag↓+3NH
3+H
2O.