独立主格结构很重要,考试必考的,你要好好学啊。
独立主格的结构:独立主格大体有以下几种结构:
1.名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词;
2.名词(代词)+形容词;
3.名词(代词)+副词;
4.名词(代词)+不定式;
5.名词(代词)+介词短语构成。
再给几个例句吧
1.The coward was backing, his face being deathly pale toward another room.(那个胆小鬼向另一个房间退去,脸色煞白。)
(而实际上,上面我们举的所有例子都是第一种结构。)
2. The food delicious, I was full.(食物非常可口,我也很饱了。)
3. This little excitement over, nothing was to be done but to return to a steadfast gaze at my mute companion.(一阵小小的兴奋过后,除了再去死死地盯着我的哑伴外,别无它事可干了。)
4. I to go to New York, he asked me not.(我要去纽约,他却要我别去)
5. The mayor of Hiroshima strode at a leisure pace toward the puzzled journalist, a bunch of flowers in his hands.(广岛市市长双手捧着一束鲜花,迈着方步走向那个迷惑不解的记者。)
另外,最常见的独立主格结构是with引导的独立主格结构。比如:Our vicar went to see what was happening with a torch in his arm. 这种用法中的with不表达什么意义,因而常可省略。表示伴随情况时,既可用分词的独立结构,也可用with的复合结构:with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。例如:
He stood there, his hand raised. = He stood there, with his hand raise.他举手着站在那儿。
The murderer was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。
A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied
答案D. with +名词(代词)+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时,其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系,因此用过去分词,选D.
*with引导的用法是最重要的用法。
三、独立主格结构的用法
独立主格结构在句中一般作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随状况等。
1.作时间状语
1)My shoes removed, I entered a low-ceilinged room, treading cautiously on the soft tatami matting.=After my shoes were removed, I entered a low-ceilinged room,treading cautiously on the soft tatami matting.(我脱掉鞋子后,走进一间屋顶很低的房间,小心翼翼地踩在柔软的塌塌米垫子上。)
2.作条件状语
Weather permitting, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.=If weather permits, they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow.(如果天气允许的话,他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。)
3.作原因状语
The storm drawing near, we had to put off our plan.=As the storm drew near, we had to put off our plan.(由于暴风雨临近,我们只好放弃计划)
4.作伴随状语
I took out my book, open it, and drawing pictures in it, my teacher looking angry.(老师愤怒地看着我拿出书,打开它,然后开始在上面画画。)
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