冠词a和the在用法和指代上的区别是什么?_?求详细解答，谢谢

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

a |an
1
指一类人或事，相当于a kind of
A plane is a machine that can fly.
2
第一次提及某人某物，非特指。
There is a tree in my garden.
3
用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人
或事
—Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?
—Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here.
A. 不填B. a C. the D. one
4
用于抽象名词具体化的名词前
success(抽象名词)
a success(具体化) 成功的人或事
a failure
失败的人或事
a shame
带来耻辱的人或事
a pity
可惜或遗憾的事
a must
必需必备的事
5
用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such之后
.This room is rather a big one.

the
1 表示某一类人或物
In many places in China,the bicycle is still a popular means of transportation.
2
表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事
.Bring me the book, please.
3

用于世上独一无二的事物名词前
. The moon, the earth
4

用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前
He is the taller of the two children.

5

用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前

the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French.
6
表示“一家人”或“夫妇”
.—Could you tell me the way to the Johnsons, please?
—Sorry, we don’t have aJohnson here in the village.