英语 :否定转移的条件和简单例句

英语 :否定转移的条件和简单例句

第1个回答  2020-05-11
1.not+think,believe,suppose,imagine…+that-clause(that 从句)   在这种句式中,not从宾语从句的谓语动词的前面,转移到了主句谓语动词think,believe,suppose等的前面。即(否定前移)例如:   e.g.:I'm sorry,but I don't think I know you.对不起,我想我并不认识你。   e.g.:I don't believe he'll come.我想他是不会来的。   这类句子后面的反意疑问句更能准确地说明not的否定范围。如:   I don't think you've met Xiao Xin,have you?我想你没遇见小新,对吗?   在初中范畴,做这类否定转移的反义疑问句的窍门:   例句:I don't think you've met Xiao Xin(改成反义疑问句)   步骤1:将否定转移掉,原句变为:I think you haven't met Xiao Xin.   步骤2:把I think 无视掉,原句变为:You haven't met Xiao Xin .   步骤3:按照一般方法,后面加上:have you ?   上述做题方法在初中范围内95%是能用的。   2.not…because(of)   这种结构中的 not否定的是后面 because引导的从句或 because of引起的介词短语。也就是说,not从because(of)的前面转移到了主句或整个句子的谓语动词的前面。例如:   He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so.他并不只是因为亚里士多德说过某事如何如何,就轻易相信它。   I didn't take a raincoat because it was raining.我不是因为下着雨才带雨衣的。   3.not…+动词不定式或介词短语   在这类结构中,我们实际上是将否定后面不定式的not转移到了谓语动词上。如:   Jack does not seem to like you.(= Jack seems not to like you.)杰克看来不喜欢你。   He didn't take the boy from the tracks to safety to win his own fame.but to be nefit the boy's parents.   他把男孩从铁轨上抱到安全地带,不是为了获得个人的名誉,而是为了孩子的父母。   He didn't come here by train.他不是乘火车来的。   4.never know......   you never know how indebted i am for your kindest care and your warmest support.   我非常感激你对我无微不至的关心和最强大的支持。 谓语的否定转移   形式上否定主句的谓语,实际上是否定从句的谓语   当动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel的主语是第一人称、谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时,它们的否定式实际上是对宾语从句的否定。表示说话者提出一种委婉的看法或主张。如:   I think that he will help us. —I don’t think that he will help us. 我认为它不会帮助我们。   I believe that he is right. —I don’t believe that he is right. 我认为他不对。   I suppose that he likes it. —I don’t suppose that he likes it. 我想他不喜欢它。   2. 形式上否定谓语动词,实际上否定复合宾语   当动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel, find的主语是第一人称、谓语动词为没有任何副词修饰的一般现在时,它们前面的否定式实际上是对复合宾语的否定。表示说话者所提出的一种委婉的看法或主张。如:   I think math difficult. — I don’t think math difficult. 我认为数学不难。   I find the story interesting. — I don’t find the story interesting. 我认为这个故事没有趣。   I expect so. —I don’t expect so. 我认为不会。 状语的否定转移   有些句子形式上否定谓语动词,实际上是对句子后面状语进行否定。如:   Let’s not talk about it here. 我们别在这里谈吧。   Don’t read in the sun. 不要在阳光下看书。   Don’t talk with your mouth full of food. 不要口里含着食物说话。 注意   动词think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect, feel在下列情况下,否定不转移:   (1) 这些动词跟其他另一个动词一起做并列谓语时,否定不转移。如:   I believe and hope he won’t do that. 我相信并且也希望他将不会那样做。   I feel and admit that we are not foolish. 我觉得并且也承认我们并不愚蠢。   (2) 用于疑问句时,否定不转移。如:   Do you think it is not going to rain? 你认为天不会下雨吗?   Don’t you believe that he has done a good thing? 难道你不相信他做了一件好事?   (3) 用作插入语时,否定不转移。如:   Li Lei, I think, won’t be angry with you. 我想李蕾不会生你的气。   Tom, I suppose, won’t be against it. 我猜想汤姆不会反对。   Mike, I believe, hasn’t seen the film. 我认为迈克没有看这场电影。   (4) 动词前有其他副词修饰时,否定不转移。如:   I really don’t think it’s necessary for us to go there now. 我的确不认为我们有必要去那儿。   I feel strongly that he shouldn’t do such a thing. 我强烈地认为他不应该做那样的事。   (5) 动词为非一般现在时或主语不是第一人称时,否定不转移。   I thought that he wouldn’t come back soon. 我原以为他不会回来得这么快。   She didn’t believe that he became a good boy. 她不相信它变成了一个好孩子。   He thinks that he isn’t fit for the job. 他认为他不适合这件工作。   He doesn’t believe that what we told him is true. 他不相信我们告诉他的事是真的。   (6) 当宾语从句中含的否定为not…at all, not a little, not a few, not enough, can’t help等固定搭配时,否定不转移。如:   I think that he doesn’t know it at all. 我想他对那一点也不知道。   I suppose that it is not enough to remember the words if you want to learn the language well. 我认为如果你想把这门语言学好,那么只记单词是不够的。   I believe that you can’t help singing our national anthem when you win the first place in the Olympic Games. 我相信当你在奥运会上获得第一名时你会情不自禁地唱起国歌来。   (7) 当宾语从句中含no, nothing, nobody, nowhere, hardly, seldom, little, few等否定词或半否词时,否定不转移。如:   I believe that nothing can make me give it up. 我想任何事情也不能使我放弃。   I think that no one can escape if the ship sinks in the sea. 我认为如果这艘船沉入海底的话,那么谁也逃不掉。   I suppose that he is a man of few words. 我猜想他是一个言语不多的人。 经典例句   1.在带宾语从句的复合句中,如果主句的谓语动词是think, believe, suppose, expect, guess, fancy, feel, imagine等表示“观点、信念、推测”等心理活动的动词时,否定谓语从句的not往往转移到主句,成为“形式否定主句,意义否定从句”,这种语法现象就叫做否定转移。如:   I don’t think he will come this afternoon.   我认为他今天下午不会来。   I don’t believe I have the pleasure of knowing you.   很遗憾,我并不认识你。   I don’t guess that they have got married.   我猜他们还没有结婚。   I don’t expect they have finished the work..   我料想他们还没有完成工作。   I don’t suppose he will return to his hometown after a few years of study abroad.   我看他在国外学习几年后不会回家乡了。   I don’t feel you should go.   我觉得你不应该去。   I didn’t imagine that Tom would help her.   我猜想汤姆不会帮助她。   2.主句中的谓语动词若与情态动词或状语连用时,不转移否定。   I can’t believe that they are married.   我真不敢相信他们结婚了。   We can’t believe that he turns an honest penny.   我们不能相信他是用正当手段挣钱。   You mustn’t think he’s an honest person.   你不可以认为他是一个诚实的人。   I didn’t ever suppose that they were happy.   我并不认为他们是幸福的。   但是,在带有can’t和couldn’t的句子中,有时can’t和couldn’t带有否定转移的含义。如:   She can’t seem to do it. (=She seems not to be able to do it.)   她似乎不能做这件事。   3.当think用在疑问句中时,不转移否定。   Why do you think I can’t change your note?   你为什么认为我换不开你的钞票呢?   4.由knew, fear, mean, I am afraid等动词形式构成的宾语从句中,其否定词not,通常不进行否定转移。当然,这并不是说否定词not不能否定以上动词形式,而是说否定宾语从句和否定主句谓语动词的意思不同。试比较:   He knew you wouldn’t tell on him.   他知道你
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