代词式动词都以etre做助动词,为什么表示自反和相互意义时不与主语配合?

代词式动词都以etre做助动词,以etre做助动词的时候不是应该过去分词都要与主语性数一致吗?!
书上写"表被动和绝对意义的代词式动词在复合时态中过去分词要与主语在性数上一致",为什么表示自反和相互意义时不与主语配合?

第1个回答  2008-11-18
词义 现在(原形) 过去 过去分词 -ing形
是 am(be) was been being
是 are(be) were been being
升起 arise arose arisen arising
唤醒 awake awoke,awaked awoken,awaked awaking
是 be was,were been being
出生 bear bore borne,born bearing
打 beat beat beaten,beat beating
成为 become became become becoming
开始 begin began begun beginning
弯曲 bend bent bent bending
打赌 bet bet,betted bet,betted betting
捆、绑 bind bound bound binding
咬、叮 bite bit bitten,bit biting
出血 bleed bled bled bleeding
祝福 bless blessed,blest blessed,blest blessing
吹 blow blew blown blowing
折断 break broke broken breaking
拿来 bring brought brought bringing
播放 broadcast broadcast broadcast broadcasting
broadcasted broadcasted
建设 build built built building
燃烧 burn burned,burnt burned,burnt burning
破裂 burst burst burst bursting
买 buy bought bought buying
能 can could -------- --------
投 cast cast cast casting
捕捉 catch caught caught catching
选择 choose chose chosen choosing
粘上 cling clung clung clinging
来 come came come coming
花费 cost cost cost costing
爬行 creep crept crept creeping
切 cut cut cut cutting
分配 deal dealt dealt dealing
挖掘 dig dug dug digging
做 do,does did done doing
画 draw drew drawn drawing
梦见 dream dreamed,dreamt dreamed,dreamt dreaming
饮 drink drank drunk drinking
驾驶 drive drove driven driving
吃 eat ate eaten eating
落 fall fell fallen falling
喂 feed fed fed feeding
感觉 feel felt felt feeling
战斗 fight fought fought fighting
发现 find found found finding
飞 fly flew flown flying
禁止 forbid forbade,forbad forbidden forbidding
忘记 forget forgot forgotten,forgot forgeting
原谅 forgive forgave forgiven forgiving
冻结 freeze froze frozen freezing
得到 get got got,gotten getting
给 give gave given giving
走 go went gone going
磨碎 grind ground ground grinding
成长 grow grew grown growing
悬挂 hang hung hung hanging
有 have,has had had having
隐藏 hide hid hidden,hid hiding
听 hear heard heard hearing
打 hit hit hit hitting
拿着 hold held held holding
受伤 hurt hurt hurt hurting
是 is(be) was been being
保持 keep kept kept keeping
跪下 kneel knelt,kneeled knelt,kneeled kneeling
编织 knit knitted,knit knitted,knit knitting
知道 know knew known knowing
放下 lay laid laid laying
领导 lead led led leading
依靠 lean leaned,leant leaned,leant leaning
跳跃 leap leaped,leapt leaped,leapt leaping
学习 learn learned,learnt learned,learnt learning
离开 leave left left leaving
借 lend lent lent lending
允许 let let let letting
躺 lie lay lain lying
点燃 light lighted,lit lighted,lit lighting
遗失 lose lost lost losing
制造 make made made making
可以 may might ----- -----
意味 mean meant meant meaning
会见 meet met met meeting
误解 mistake mistook mistaken mistaking
误会 misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood misunderstanding
必须 must must ----- -----
击败 overcome overcame overcome overcoming
付给 pay paid paid paying
证明 prove proved proved,proven proving
放置 put put put putting
中止 quit quit,quitted quit,quitted quitting
读 read read read reading
使……免除 rid rid,ridded rid,ridded ridding
骑、乘 ride rode ridden riding
响、鸣 ring rang rung ringing
上升 rise rose risen rising
跑 run ran run runing
说 say said said saying
看见 see saw seen seeing
寻找 seek sought sought seeking
卖 sell sold sold selling
送 send sent sent sending
放置 set set set setting
缝纫 sew sewed sewn,sewed sewing
摇动 shake shook shaken shaking
将 shall should ----- -----
刮(胡子等) shave shaved shaved,shaven shaving
掉落 shed shed shed shedding
闪耀 shine shone shone shining
射击 shoot shot shot shooting
展示 show showed shown,showed showing
关闭 shut shut shut shutting
唱歌 sing sang sung singing
下沉 sink sank,sunk sunk sinking
坐下 sit sat sat sitting
睡觉 sleep slept slept sleeping
滑动 slide slid slid,slidden sliding
嗅 smell smelled,smelt smelled,smelt smelling
播种 sow sowed sown,sowed sowing
说 speak spoke spoken speaking
急行 speed sped,speeded sped,speeded speeding
拼写 spell spelled,spelt spelled,spelt spelling
花费 spend spent spent spending
溅出 spill spilled,spilt spilled,spilt spilling
纺 spin spun spun spinning
撕裂 split split split splitting
损坏 spoil spoiled,spoilt spoiled,spoilt spoiling
第2个回答  2008-11-15
je vais etre en retard 是这里面etre 的意思吗?没什么为什么,记住 习惯就好了吧 语言这东西不用太推敲,还是交流最重要
第3个回答  2008-11-15
法语的语法是有些繁复,语言的规定只能记住,没有什么道理可言
第4个回答  2008-11-15
你说得太复杂,拿两个例句来看看!
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