英语单词 when&while的用法 和差别

如题所述

第1个回答  2020-02-15
一、
while
用作名词时,意为“一段时间,一会儿”。例如:
I
stayed
there
for
a
short
while.
(我在那儿呆了一小会儿。)
The
postman
came
a
short
while
ago.
(邮递员刚刚来过。)
二、
while
用作连词时,有以下几种含义:
1.
意为“当……时候,和……同时”,引导时间状语从句。例如:
While
I
was
watching
TV,
the
bell
rang.
(我看电视时,铃响了。)
Meimei
watched
TV
while
she
ate
her
supper.
(梅梅边吃晚饭边看电视。)
2.
意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。例如:
While
it
was
late,
he
went
on
working.
(虽然很晚了,但他还在继续工作。)
While
he
is
in
poor
health,
he
works
hard.
(虽然他身体不好,但他还是努力工作。)
3.
连接两个并列句子,表示“对比”关系。例如:
He
went
out
for
a
walk,
while
I
stayed
at
home.
(他出去散步了,而我却呆在家里。)
I
like
singing
while
she
likes
dancing.
(我喜欢唱歌,而她喜欢跳舞。)
You
like
sports,
while
I
prefer
music.
(你喜欢体育,而我更喜欢音乐。)
三、
while
引导状语从句时,应注意以下几点:
1.
while
引导的时间状语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而
while
引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以从意义上加以区分。例如:
While
he
was
tired,
he
went
on
working.
(虽然他累了,但他还是继续工作。)

while
引导让步状语从句)
While
he
was
tired,
he
would
have
a
rest.
(他累了就休息一会儿。)

while
引导时间状语从句)
2.
while
引导让步状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和谓语动词
be
都可以省略。例如:
While
he
was
ill,
he
went
there.
(=
While
ill,
he
went
there.)
(虽然他有病,但他还是去那里了。)
3.
while

when
都可以引导时间状语从句,但应注意:
while
引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词;而
when
引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词。当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,
while

when
可以互相替换。例如:
While
we
were
talking,
the
teacher
came
in.
(我们正在谈话时,老师进来了。)
The
bus
had
left
when
we
arrived
at
the
bus
stop.
(当我们到达车站时,公共汽车已经开走了。)

arrive
是非延续性动词,因此,此句中的
when
不能用
while
替换。)
When
/
While
we
were
having
a
meeting,
our
teacher
came
in.
(我们正在开会时,老师走了进来。)

have
是延续性动词,因此,句中的
when
可以用
while
替换。)
4.
while
引导的状语从句还可以表示“某个动作正在进行的同时,另一个动作也在进行之中”。例如:
While
the
teacher
was
speaking,
the
students
were
listening.
(老师讲课时,学生们在听。)
While
he
was
writing,
I
was
reading
相似回答