宾语从句

如题所述

第1个回答  2013-09-13
在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
宾语object clauses从句用法
宾语从句的连接词:
结构:主语+谓语+宾语(陈述语序) 【注意:1~引导词.that 2~语序v.+主+谓 由if、whether引导宾语从句 3~时态:A.主句---现在时 从句---任一时态】
、从属连词
连接宾语从句的从属连词主要有that,if,whether,和疑问词(what, how, where, when ...)。
that引导表示陈述句的宾语从句,
if和whether,whether...or not引导表示“是否”的一般疑问句的宾语从句。

《英语教练》成人英语学习第一品牌
He told me (that )he would go to college the next year.
他告诉我他明年上大学。
I don’t know if there will be a bus any more.
(二)关联代词
连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。
连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述。
Do you know who has won Battlefield3 game?
你知道是谁赢得了战地3的游戏么?
(三)关联副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again.
他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面.
注:宾语从句通常跟在动词后面。
动宾从句
大多数及物动词都可以带宾语从句
We all expect (that )they will win,for members of their team are stronger.
我们都预料他们会赢,因为他们的队员更强壮.
He told us (that) they would help us through the whole work.
他告诉我们在整个工作中,他们都会帮忙的.
部分“动词+副词”结构也可以带宾语从句
I have found out (that) all the tickets for the concert have been sold out.
我发现这场音乐会的所有票都卖光了.
动词短语也可以带宾语从句
常见的这些词有:
make sure确保 make up one’s mind下决心 keep in mind牢记
Make sure that there are no mistakes in your papers before you turn them in.
当你在上交试卷前确保没有任何错误.
可运用形式宾语it代替的宾语从句
①动词find,feel,consider,make,believe,think等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用it做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置.
I think it necessary that we take plenty of drinks every day .
我认为我们每天多喝饮料是有必要的.
②有些动词带宾语从句时需要在宾语与从句前加it(双宾语)
这类动词主要有:hate,take,owe,have,see to.award,lend.hand,
mail,offer,pass,pay,post,read,return,show,teach,tell
I hate it when they say with their mouths full of food.
③若宾语从句是wh-类,则不可用it代替He will have it that our plan is really practical.
他会认为我们的计划确实可行.
We take it that you will agree with us.
我们认为你会同意我们的.
介宾从句
用whether之类的介词宾语从句:
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部.
The new book is about how Shenzhou 20 manned spaceship was sent up into space.
这本新书是关于神州20号载人航天飞船是如何升入太空的.
用that,if引导的介词宾语从句
有时候except,but,besides三个介词后可见到that引导的宾语从句
I know nothing about my new neighbor except that he used to work with a company.
对于我的新邻居我只知道他曾在一家公司上班,其他一无所知.
形容+宾从句
有些形容词具有动词的含义,所以也可以带一个宾语从句,例如;
1. I am sorry I am late.
I am glad that you can join us.
Are you sure his answer is right?

《英语教练》成人英语学习第一品牌
常用来引导宾语从句的形容词有: sure,certain,glad,please,happy,sorry,afraid,satisfied,surprised
I am sure I will pass the exam.
我确信我会通过考试.
I am sorry that I have troubled you so long.
很抱歉我这么长时间在打扰你.
He is glad that Li Ming went to see him when he was ill.
他很高兴在他生病的时候李明能去看望他.
if与whether
① if和whether在作“是否”理解时,引导宾语从句常放在动词know,ask,care,wonder,find out等之后,介词后一般不用if
② 少数动词,如:leave,put,discuss,doubt后的宾语从句常用whether.
③ whether后可以加or not,但是if不可以.
④ 在不定式前只能用whether.
(如:I can’t decide whether to stay. 我不能决定是否留下。)
⑥一般“no matter”后表“是否”用whether而不用if
不省略引导词that
当that作learn,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等动词的宾语时;
当宾语从句较长时;
当主语状语置于主句尾,宾语从句之前时;
当主语谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时;
当一个动词带有两个或两个以上宾语从句时,此时第一个that可以省略,第二个that不可以省略;
当宾语从句中的主语是this,that或this,that做主语的定语时;
当宾语从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时;
当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时;
当主语中的谓语动词是固定词组时;
当宾语从句有it做其先行词时;
在直接引语中,转述分句把宾语从句隔开时.
当that在从句中充当主语时
否定转移

《英语教练》成人英语学习第一品牌
主句的谓语动词是think,believe,imagine,suppose,consider,expect,fancy,guess等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.
I don’t think he will come to my party.而不能说成I think he won’t come to my party.
我认为他不会来我的舞会.
I don’t believe that man is killed by Jim,is he
我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是
如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式.通常我们称为否定前移。
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully,does he
我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是
时态和语序
当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
当主句为过去时
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
I only knew he was studying in a western country,but I didn’t know which country he was in.
我只知道他当时在西方的一个国家读书,可不知道是哪个国家.
He asked me if I was reading the story The Old Man and the Sea when he was in.
他问我他进来的时候我是否正在读《老人与海》.
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
He told me that he had told Mary about the meeting already.
他告诉我他已经把有关会议的事情告诉了Mary.
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
The reporter asked if the government would take necessary measures to put down the to-do.
记者问政府是否会采取必要的措施镇压骚乱.
④如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化
The teacher said that the moon goes around the earth yesterday.
老师昨天说月亮围着地球转.
⑤当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,经常将这类引导词置于句首
Who do you think the public might choose as their favorite singer this year
你认为今年公众会选谁为他们最喜欢的歌手.
无论任何时候都为陈述语序.追问

你是

追答

额。。。樱雪

第2个回答  2020-08-17

宾语从句定义、示例、用法最生动解释

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