第004句
When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it shapes is inescapably political-which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily dismissed as unjust .
点睛：句子的主干是：the law is inescapably political。when引导时间状语从句；it shapes实际上是省略了that的定语从句，修饰the law；破折号后面是由which引导的定语从句，该定语从句中又包含了由why引导的表语从句；split along ideological lines是过去分词短语作后置定语修饰decisions；表语从句中的谓语是are so easily dismissed。 inescapably 意为“不可避免地”，ideological意为“意识形态上的”， dismiss as意为“因…不予理会”。
考点归纳： dismiss 是考研英语中的重点词汇之一，具有多个不同的意思。
He was dismissed from the hospital a week later.
他一周之后出了院。
The teacher usually dismisses the class on time.
这位老师通常会按时下课。
He was dismissed from his job.
他被开除了。
She dismissed the idea of going to Paris.
她打消了去巴黎的念头。
The judge dismissed the case for lack of evidence .
法官因缺乏证据而不受理这宗案件。
第005句
My favorite radio song is the one I first heard on a thick 1923 Edison disc stumbled upon at a garage sale.
点睛：I first...为定语从句，其先行词为the one，因为the one在从句中充当heard的宾语，所以省略了关系代词that。过去分词短语stumbled upon为disc的后置定语，意为“意外发现”，和disc构成被动关系。garage sale为固定搭配，意为“现场旧货出售”。
第006句
His argument is that the unusual history of these people has subjected them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this paradoxical state of affairs.
点睛：句子的主干为his argument is that...。句中的两个that分别引导两个从句：第一个为is的表语从句，第二个则为修饰pressures的定语从句。短语subject to意为“使（某物）经受…”，result in意为“导致”。
考点归纳：that可以用作指示代词，也可以用作从属连词和关系代词引导句子。
Does that matter?那有什么关系呢？
He said that you would never be able to visit the old man.
他说，你将再也拜访不了那位老人了．
In this way you may face a lot of troubles that will make you upset .
这样一来，你会遇到不少令你坐立难安的麻烦。
第007句
The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once flourished.
点睛：endangered species 意为“濒危物种”。which引导的是以states为先行词的定语从句，前面的介词in不可省略，但in which可以用where来替代。注意，如果关系代词在定语从句中充当介词的宾语，介词既可置于从句之首，亦可置于从句之末，但前者较正式。
The friend with whom l was traveling **spoke **German.
和我一起旅行的那住朋友讲德语。
第008句
It is naive to expect that any society can resolve all the social problems it is faced with once for all.
点睛：句型it is+形容词+不定式结构(to do sth.)意为“做…很…”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是不定式结构to do sth.。该句中that引导的是expect的宾语从句，其中it is faced with是以problems为先行词的定语从句。短语once for all意为“一劳永逸地”，作谓语动词 resolve 的状语。
考点归纳：与once相关的常用短语还有：
Please do that once again.请再做一遍。，
All at once there was a loud knock on the door.
突然传来很响的敲门声。
I write to my parents once in a while.
我偶尔给父母写封信。
Don’t speak at once.大家不要一起说。
第009句
The chairman of the board pressed on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ .
点睛：press sth. on sb.意为“将某事物强加于某人，强迫某人接受某物”。介词of+动名词短语dismissing...用于解释说明job的具体内容。The firm...employ是以workers为先行词的定语从句，省略了关系代词，其中afford和情态动词can连用表示“付得起钱”。
考点归纳：与动词press相关的常见短语还有：
That company is pressing me for a decision on their offer，
那家公司正催我对他们提供的工作做出决定。
Lisa pressed me to stay a little longer.
莉萨极力劝我再多待一会儿。
Their neighbors were pressed into service when the Whites are very busy．
怀特一家特别忙的时候，他们的邻居都来帮忙。
第010句
The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be indifferent to the welfare of his animals.
点睛：the Eskimo此处指代“爱斯基摩人”这一整体，因此谓语动词用单数形式。one of the most...表示“最…其中之一”，most之后的名词一定要用复数形式，如句中的Indians。be indifferent to意为“不关心，不在乎”。welfare可用于表示“幸福；福利；健康”。